Explanation

• The Umayyad Caliphate was founded by Muawiya I,
• Reign: 661–680 AD
• Start of Rule: After the end of the First Muslim Civil War and a peace treaty with Hasan ibn Ali.
• Moved the Caliphate’s capital to Damascus, Syria

Additional information:

• Umayyad Dynasty started: 661 AD
• Umayyad Dynasty ended: 750 AD
• Last Caliph: Marwan II (744–750 AD)

Last updated NA on 10-09-2026

Explanation

• Signed in 6 AH, valid for 10 years.
• Scribed by Ali ibn Abi Talib (R.A).
• Suhail bin Amr signed on behalf of Mecca.
• Hudaibiyah is the name of a tree.
• Occurred during the time of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.
• Between Muhammad ﷺ (representing Medina) and the Qurayshi tribe of Mecca.
• Called "Fatah Al-Mubeen" (the clear victory) in Surah Al-Fatah.
• Contained 7 clauses.

Last updated NA on 10-09-2026

Explanation

Explanation

• Hazrat Ali (RA) did not participate in the Battle of Tabuk.
• He was ordered by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to stay in Madinah.
• He acted as a caretaker of the Muslim community and Ahl-e-Bait.
• The expedition of Tabuk took place in 9 AH (630 AD).
• It was a major military campaign against the Byzantine forces.

Last verified on 25-04-2026

Explanation

• Name: Qutaybah ibn Muslim
• Caliphate: Umayyad
• Position: Governor of Khurasan
• Tenure: 705–715 CE
• Major region: Transoxiana (Central Asia)
• Bukhara: Conquered during 706–709 CE
• Samarkand: Conquered in 710–712 CE

Last verified on 09-09-2026