Explanation

• The Pious Caliphate (Khulafa-e-Rashideen) lasted for approximately 30 years, from 632 CE to 661 CE.

Additional information:

1. Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA): 632–634 CE → 2 years (Shortest Tenure)
2. Hazrat Umar (RA): 634–644 CE → 10 years
3. Hazrat Uthman (RA): 644–656 CE → 12 years (Largest Tenure)
4. Hazrat Ali (RA): 656–661 CE → 5 years

Last verified on 07-10-2026

Explanation

• Hazrat Sa'id ibn Zayd (RA) was the brother-in-law of Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA).
• Sa'id ibn Zayd (RA) married Fatimah bint al-Khattab (RA), the sister of Hazrat Umar (RA).
• Hazrat Umar (RA) was married to Atikah bint Zayd (RA), the sister of Sa'id ibn Zayd (RA)

Last verified on 04-10-2026

Explanation

• Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A) entrusted the compilation of the Holy Quran to Hazrat Zaid bin Thabit (R.A).
• This decision was made after many Huffaz (memorizers of Quran) were martyred in the Battle of Yamama.
• Hazrat Umar (R.A) suggested compiling the Quran in written form for preservation.
• Hazrat Zaid bin Thabit (R.A) collected verses from written materials and memories of companions.
• This ensured the safe preservation of the Holy Quran in a single manuscript.

Last verified on 25-06-2026

Explanation

• There were 10,000 companions by the time of the Conquest of Mecca
• Date: 20 Ramadan, 8 AH (630 CE).
• Leader: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.
• Mount: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ entered Makkah riding Al-Qaswa.
• Companion behind him: Usama ibn Zayd (RA).
• Surah: He recited Surah Al-Fath (48th Surah) on the journey.
• Main cause: The Quraysh violated the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah.
• Outcome: Makkah came under Muslim control with little fighting.

Explanation

• Messenger: Dihya ibn Khalifah al-Kalbi (R.A.)
• Recipient: Heraclius, the Byzantine Emperor
• Purpose: Invitation to Islam
• Sent by: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ
• Period: Around 628 CE, after the Treaty of Hudaybiyya
• Historical period: The Prophet ﷺ sent letters to neighboring rulers during the 7th Hijri period; some accounts associate the question with 9th Hijri.