Explanation

Water waves are transverse mechanical waves.

The cork floats and oscillates vertically (up and down) but doesn't move forward with the wave — showing that energy moves, not matter.

Explanation

If the focal length (f) of a mirror is positive, the mirror is a convex mirror.

This is because, according to the sign convention for mirrors,

The focal point of a convex (or diverging) mirror is located behind the mirror,

This is considered the positive direction, leading to a positive focal length. 

Explanation

Negative q means the image forms on the same side as the object — a virtual image.

Explanation

Positive q indicates the image is in mirrors.

A positive image distance (q) signifies a real and inverted image located on the same side of the mirror as the object.

This means the reflected light rays actually converge at that point, allowing the image to be projected onto a screen. 

On the same side as the reflected rays — a real image.

Explanation

The principal focus of a mirror or lens is the point on the principal axis where parallel rays of light either converge 

Or appear to diverge from after reflection or refraction.

For mirrors:  

- Concave mirror: Rays converge at the focus.  

- Convex mirror: Rays appear to diverge from the focus.

Explanation

A restoring force is the force that brings the object back to its equilibrium (mean) position during oscillatory motion, like in a spring or pendulum.  

It is responsible for the repetitive back-and-forth motion.

Explanation

- Potential difference (V) is the work done per unit charge to move a charge between two points.  

- Formula: V = W/Q  

  (where W = work in joules, Q = charge in coulombs)  

- 1 Volt = 1 Joule / 1 Coulomb  

- It tells us how much energy is used to move electric charges through a circuit.

Explanation

Pascal's Law states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions.  

A hydraulic press uses this principle to multiply force, allowing a small input force to generate a much larger output force.

Explanation

A spherical mirror with a negative focal length is a concave mirror. 

Concave mirrors converge light rays, and their focal point is located in front of the mirror.

This results in a negative focal length. Convex mirrors, on the other hand, diverge light rays and have a positive focal length.

Plane mirrors have no curvature and therefore no focal point.

Cylindrical mirrors focus light into a line rather than a point, and are not considered in this context. 

Explanation

A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect, and diminished image regardless of the object's position.

This is because the light rays diverge when reflected from its curved surface.

The virtual image appears behind the mirror and is smaller than the object.