Explanation

Mariupol was besieged from Feb 24 to May 20, 2022, during the Russia-Ukraine war, facing nonstop bombardment and eventual Russian capture.

The siege caused mass destruction (90% buildings destroyed) and heavy civilian losses, making it one of the war's worst humanitarian crises.

Explanation

Turkey has played a mediator role during tensions between Russia and the USA, especially during the Ukraine conflict.

It hosted talks and negotiations on security and humanitarian issues.

Explanation

In 2025, African leaders from South Africa, Senegal, and Egypt launched a peace mission.

They visited Ukraine and Russia to mediate the conflict.

Presented a 10-point peace proposal urging negotiations, de-escalation, and respect for sovereignty.

Met President Zelenskyy in Kyiv and President Putin in St. Petersburg.

Marked Africa’s first intercontinental peace initiative.

Explanation

The Cold War was a period of global geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR)

They began in the aftermath of the Second World War

They ended with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.

Explanation

In 2024, Ukraine launched counter-offensive actions primarily in Russia's Kursk region,

Following a surprise incursion in August and new offensive operations in early January 2025

Explanation

Ever since the outbreak of the Russia–Ukraine war on February 24, 2022,

It has persisted for more than one year.

This war and its consequent chain of events have adversely impacted the global economy through several channels,

Such as the commodity market, stock market, and trade

Explanation

 The chip war between the US and China is about Semiconductor technology dominance

Explanation

Adolf Hitler was the dictator of Nazi Germany.

He led the country during World War 2 (1939–1945).

He served as a soldier in World War 1.

Explanation

The Treaty of Westphalia, signed in 1648, marked the end of two major conflicts:

The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) in the Holy Roman Empire, involved various European powers, including Germany.

The Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) between Spain and the Dutch Republic, resulted in Dutch independence from Spanish rule.

Explanation

On May 13, 2025, the transitional government in Mali, led by General Assimi Goïta, issued a decree dissolving all political parties and organizations of a political nature.

The Malian government's decision to dissolve all political parties and extend the President's term until 2030 did indeed lead to widespread protests and strong condemnation.