Explanation

Explanation

• The elevation of the Kirthar Mountains is 2,260 meters (7,410 feet).
• The highest peak in the Kirthar Range is Zardak Peak.
• It stands at 7,430 feet (2,260 meters).
• The Kirthar Range is situated along the border of Balochistan and Sindh provinces.
• The hill station of Gorakh, located in the Kirthar Mountains, is situated off Dadu in Sindh.

Explanation

 In chain surveying, the area is divided into a network of triangles, as triangles provide the simplest and most stable geometric figures for accurate measurements

Explanation

   Surveys that show the natural features of a country are known as topographic surveys

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

 Purpose: Maps natural features (mountains, rivers, lakes, forests) and man-made structures (roads, buildings).

Scale: Used for small to medium-sized areas (typically <250 km² where Earth's curvature is negligible).

Explanation

 Plane Surveying - A method where Earth's curvature is ignored, treating the surface as flat;

suitable for small areas (<250 km²) with minimal error (used in construction, local mapping).

Explanation

Accounts for Earth's curvature using spherical trigonometry,

essential for large-scale mapping (100+ km²),

with modern GPS achieving cm-level accuracy (WGS84 standard since 1984).

Explanation