Explanation

On 23 September 2025, US President Donald Trump met with eight leaders from Muslim and Arab countries, including Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly in New York, United States of America.

The meeting focused on the Gaza and Middle East situation.

Additional Information:

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Qatari Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, Jordan's King Abdullah II, Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud, Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto, UAE Foreign Minister Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan, and Egyptian Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly were present.

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Explanation

At least four people were injured as a blast derailed six bogies of the Jaffar Express near Spezand town in the Dasht tehsil of Balochistan’s Mastung district.

This incident took place on 23 September 2025.

Additional Information:

The train named Jaffar Express was hijacked by BLA in Balochistan in March 2025.

All 33 terrorists killed by Security forces.

21 passengers and 4 Frontier Corps personnel dead in this incident

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Explanation

The train named Jaffar Express hijacked by BLA in Balochistan in March 2025.

The train was targeted by terrorists in the area of Bolan, Balochistan on March 11, 2025.

The banned Baloch Liberation Army (BLA) claimed responsibility for the attack.

Additional Information:

As per ISPR, all 33 terrorists killed by Security forces.

21 passengers and 4 Frontier Corps personnel dead in this incident

Explanation

Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have signed a landmark Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement.

Signed on 17 September 2025.

This agreement is being considered the most significant upgrade in Pakistan-Saudi defence relations in decades.

Signed in Al-Yamamah palace Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

As per the pact, any aggression against either country shall be considered an aggression against both.

Singed by Pakistani PM Shehbaz Sharif and Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman

Additional Information:

This agreement comes in the wake of Israel’s strike on Qatari capital Doha on 9 September 2025.

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Explanation

The 2025 conflict was a brief armed conflict between India and Pakistan.

India launched Operation Sindoor against Pakistan on 7 May 2025.

In response, Pakistan launched its Operation Bunyan-un-Marsoos on 10 May 2025 against India.

On 10th of May 2025, a ceasefire was announced by the US president Donald Trump.

China, Turkey and Azerbaijan supported Pakistan. 

Additional Information:

Tensions escalated between India and Pakistan after Pahalgam terrorist attack in Indian occupied Kashmir on 22 April 2025 in which 26 civilians were killed.

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Explanation

• Pakistan and Armenia formally established diplomatic relations on August 31, 2025.

  This development came on the sidelines of the SCO Summit 2025.

   

  Additional Information:

  Previously, Pakistan and Armenia did not have formal diplomatic relations.

  The relationship was characterised by a regional geopolitical rivalry, with Pakistan supporting Azerbaijan against Armenia in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

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Explanation

Pakistan will honour two national giants of cricket, with former women’s captain Sana Mir to be conferred the Sitara-e-Imtiaz and , fitting recognition for careers that reshaped cricket and inspired millions.

She was nominated on 14 August 2025.

She will be conferred on 23 March 2026.

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Explanation

Cricket legend Shahid Afridi is slated to receive the Hilal-e-Imtiaz, one of Pakistan's highest civilian honors, for his illustrious cricket career and contributions to the nation.

He is among nine sportspersons who were nominated for Civil Awards announced on Pakistan's 79th Independence Day (14th August 2025), with the formal conferment set for Pakistan Day on March 23, 2026.

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Explanation

President of Iran Masoud Pezeshkian paid a two-day state visit to Pakistan.

He visited Pakistan from Aug 2, 2025 to Aug 3, 2025.

He visited Pakistan at the invitation of the Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif.

This marks Dr. Pezeshkian’s first official visit to Pakistan as President of Iran.

The visit is expected to further strengthen the brotherly relations between Pakistan and Iran.

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Explanation

President of Iran Masoud Pezeshkian paid a two-day state visit to Pakistan.

He visited Pakistan from Aug 2, 2025 to Aug 3, 2025.

He visited Pakistan at the invitation of the Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif.

This marks Dr. Pezeshkian’s first official visit to Pakistan as President of Iran.

The visit is expected to further strengthen the brotherly relations between Pakistan and Iran.

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