Explanation

• The first international definition of terrorism was provided by the League of Nations in the 1937 Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of Terrorism.
• The convention was adopted in 1937 in Geneva, Switzerland.

Additional information:

• League of Nations established: 10 January 1920
• 1937 Convention adopted: 1937
• United Nations established: 24 October 1945
• League of Nations dissolved: 20 April 1946

Last verified on 27-07-2026

Explanation

• The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) was a militant separatist organization that sought to establish an independent Tamil state (Tamil Eelam) in northern and eastern Sri Lanka.
• Founded: 1976
• Founder: Velupillai Prabhakaran
• Civil War Period: 1983–2009
• Conflict Ended: 2009

Last verified on 27-07-2026

Explanation

• Renamed: Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) in 1985
• Purpose: Economic, technical, and cultural cooperation
• RCD: Regional Cooperation for Development
• Founded by: Iran, Pakistan, and Turkey
• ECO Headquarters: Tehran, Iran
• Established: 21 July 1964
• RCD dissolved: 1979

Explanation

• On 9 June, 2017 India and Pakistan became full members of the SCO.
• Full Form: Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
• Founded: 15 June 2001
• Headquarters: Beijing, China
• Founder Members (2001): China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
• Purpose: Regional security, economic cooperation, counter-terrorism, and cultural cooperation

Additional information:

Current SCO Member States (10):

1. China
2. Russia
3. Kazakhstan
4. Kyrgyzstan
5. Tajikistan
6. Uzbekistan
7. India (Joined: 9 June 2017)
8. Pakistan (Joined: 9 June 2017)
9. Iran (Joined: 4 July 2023)
10. Belarus (Joined: 4 July 2024)

Last verified on 26-07-2026

Explanation

Current SCO Member States (10):

1. China
2. Russia
3. Kazakhstan
4. Kyrgyzstan
5. Tajikistan
6. Uzbekistan
7. India (Joined: 9 June 2017)
8. Pakistan (Joined: 9 June 2017)
9. Iran (Joined: 4 July 2023)
10. Belarus (Joined: 4 July 2024)

Additional information:

• Full Form: Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
• Founded: 15 June 2001
• Headquarters: Beijing, China
• Founder Members (2001): China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
• Purpose: Regional security, economic cooperation, counter-terrorism, and cultural cooperation

Last verified on 20-07-2026