Explanation

• Malware means malicious software designed to damage, disrupt, steal information from, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems.
• Common types include viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, spyware, and adware.

Additional information:

• Virus: Attaches itself to files and can spread when the infected file runs.
• Worm: Can spread automatically across networks without attaching to another file.
• Trojan: Pretends to be legitimate software but performs malicious actions.
• Ransomware: Encrypts or blocks access to data and demands payment.
• Spyware: Secretly collects information about a user or system.

Last verified on 09-08-2026

Explanation

• A Cell is the intersection of a row and a column in a spreadsheet such as MS Excel.
• Each cell has a unique cell address, such as A1, B5, or C10.
• Rows are identified by numbers: 1, 2, 3, ...
• Columns are identified by letters: A, B, C, ...
• A cell can contain text, numbers, formulas, or functions.

Last verified on 09-08-2026

Explanation

• Cache Memory is the fastest memory.
• It is typically located inside or very close to the CPU.

Additional information:

• L1 Cache: Usually the fastest and smallest CPU cache.
• L2 Cache: Larger than L1 but generally slower.
• L3 Cache: Larger and usually shared among CPU cores.

Last verified on 09-08-2026

Explanation

• 1 billion bytes = 1 Gigabyte (GB).

Additional information:

• 1 GB = 1,000,000,000 bytes (10⁹ bytes).
• 1 MB = 1,000,000 bytes (10⁶ bytes).
• 1 TB = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes (10¹² bytes).

Last verified on 09-08-2026

Explanation

• GUI stands for Graphical User Interface.
• It is a type of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices using icons, windows, menus, and buttons instead of typing commands.
• The first GUI was developed at Xerox PARC in the early 1980s.

Additional information:

• CLI – Command Line Interface
• CUI – Character User Interface
• VUI – Voice User Interface
• NUI – Natural User Interface

Last verified on 03-07-2026