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Sticky Note
A woman cut her hand which of these causes inflammation?
  1. Histamine
  2. Interlukin 1
  3. Interlukin 2
  4. Both A and B
Explanation

For a cut hand, both histamine and interleukin-1 (IL-1) cause inflammation.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2), while important for immune regulation, is not a primary or direct cause of the initial inflammatory response to an injury. 

Histamine

  • Released immediately by mast cells, which are a type of white blood cell located under the skin and near blood vessels.
  • Acts quickly to increase blood flow to the injured area, causing the redness and swelling associated with inflammation.

Interleukin-1 (IL-1)

  • A "master cytokine" for inflammation that is released by white blood cells like macrophages and monocytes.
  • The IL-1α precursor is stored in skin cells (keratinocytes) and released rapidly upon injury.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2)

  • A cytokine that promotes the growth and proliferation of T-cells and other lymphocytes
  • It is part of the later adaptive immune response.
  • IL-2 deficiency is linked to autoimmune diseases because it helps to maintain immune tolerance by promoting regulatory T-cells.

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