Explanation

• Breaking or guessing a password is commonly called password cracking

Additional information:

• Hacking → Gaining unauthorized access to systems.
• Phishing → Tricking users to obtain sensitive information.
• Formatting → Preparing or erasing a storage device.

Explanation

• There are 128 characters in standard ASCII, numbered from 0 to 127.
• (Note: Extended ASCII uses 8 bits to provide 256 characters, but the original standard ASCII uses a 7-bit code). 

Additional information:

• • ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
  • Purpose: Character encoding standard.
  • Includes letters, numbers & symbols.
  • Work began in May 1961.
  • Definitive version published in 1967.

Explanation

• Compiler: Translates high-level language → machine language.
• Machine Language: Binary code (0s and 1s).
• Compiler: Translates the whole program before execution.

• Interpreter: Translates code line by line at runtime.
• Modem: Modulates and demodulates signals for communication; it does not translate programming languages.

Last updated NS on 13-09-2026

Explanation

• SATA: Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
• Type: Computer hardware interface
• Used for: Connecting storage devices
• Devices: HDDs, SSDs & optical drives
• Connection: Storage device → Motherboard

Last updated NS on 13-09-2026

Explanation

• Compiler checks: syntax errors and some semantic/type errors.
• The compiler does not check whether the sentence is grammatically correct in natural English.

Last updated: 13-09-2026