Explanation

• Ibn Zakariya Al-Razi is considered the father of Pediatrics (Child healthcare).
• He was a famous Muslim physician, philosopher, and scientist.
• Field: Medicine, Chemistry, Philosophy
• Known as: Rhazes
• Famous books: Al-Hawi, Kitab al-Mansuri

Last verified on 09-06-2026

Explanation

• The causative organism of malaria (Plasmodium) was discovered by Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran in 1880.
• He identified the parasite in the blood of infected patients.
• This discovery proved that malaria is caused by a protozoan parasite.

Additional information:

• Ronald Ross discovered that malaria spreads through female Anopheles mosquito (1897).

Last verified on 09-06-2026

Explanation

• The Hubble Space Telescope is a joint project of NASA (USA) and ESA (European Space Agency).
• It was launched in 1990 into low Earth orbit.
• Scientists like John C. Mather contributed to its development and research.
• It is used for observing distant galaxies and space objects.

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

• Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin
• At St. Mary's Hospital in London
• In September 1928.
• First true antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections.
• First patient treated was Albert Alexander, a 43-year-old policeman, on 12 February 1941

Last updated by NA on 23-April-2026

Explanation

• Nicolaus Copernicus is called the Father of Modern Astronomy.
• He introduced the heliocentric theory in 1543.
• This theory stated that the Sun is at the center of the solar system.
• His ideas changed the old belief that Earth is the center.

Additional information:

• Galileo Galilei, a later figure, is often called the "father of observational astronomy".

Last verified on 01-06-2026