Explanation

• Liquid bromine test: Unsaturated compounds decolourise reddish-brown bromine solution due to addition across double or triple bonds.
• Baeyer's reagent: Cold, dilute alkaline potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) is decolourised by unsaturated compounds.
• Both tests are commonly used to detect carbon-carbon double and triple bonds.

Additional information:

• Fehling's solution is mainly used to test reducing sugars and aldehydes.

Last verified on 02-11-2026

Explanation

• Acid-base indicators are generally weak organic acids or weak bases.
• They show different colours in acidic and basic solutions.
• For example, phenolphthalein is colourless in acidic solutions and pink in basic solutions.
• Litmus turns red in acidic solutions and blue in basic solutions.

Last verified on 02-11-2026

Explanation

• Molds and yeasts belong to the kingdom Fungi.
• Molds are multicellular fungi that grow as thread-like structures called hyphae.
• Yeasts are mostly unicellular fungi that reproduce mainly by budding.
• Fungi obtain nutrients by absorbing dissolved organic matter from their surroundings.

Last verified on 02-11-2026

Explanation

• The skeleton provides structural support and maintains the body's shape.
• It protects vital internal organs, such as the brain, heart and lungs.
• It helps in movement by providing attachment points for muscles.
• The adult human skeleton consists of 206 bones.

Last verified on 02-11-2026

Explanation

• Chemotropism is the directional growth of a plant or its parts in response to a chemical stimulus.
• The growth of a pollen tube towards the ovule due to chemical signals is an example of positive chemotropism.

Additional information:

• Thigmotropism is a response to touch, hydrotropism to water and phototropism to light.
• Chemotropism helps in plant reproduction, especially during fertilization.

Last verified on 02-11-2026