Explanation

The human element in educational management encompasses all individuals involved in the educational environment:

• Teachers and other employees
• Children (students)
• Parents

Explanation

The material elements of educational management encompass several key components essential for the effective operation of an educational institution.

This includes:

• Money
• Building and Maintenance
• Human and Equipment

Explanation

This quote reflects the principles of scientific management developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor. Taylor,

He known as the father of scientific management

Explanation

Self-appraisal is a process where students evaluate their own performance or learning progress.

One of its key advantages is that it promotes student authority and enhances cognitive skills. 

Explanation

A  norm-referenced assessment evaluates students' performance by comparing their results to those of a norm group, which consists of a representative sample of students. 

Explanation

Communication channels refer to the methods through which information is transmitted and received.

The types of communication channels typically include:

• speaking (verbal communication),
• listening (receiving and interpreting spoken information),
• reading (interpreting written text),
• writing (creating written text).

"Thinking" is not a communication channel but rather an internal cognitive process. 

Explanation

The word "management" is derived from the Italian word "maneggiare," which means "to handle" or "to manage."

The term "maneggiare" is related to handling or controlling something

Explanation

Developing teaching skills typically refers to the process of professional growth and learning that occurs through training.

Training includes various forms of professional development, such as:

• workshops
• seminars
• courses
  

Explanation

A national budget typically consists of two main parts: income and expenditure.

Income refers to the total revenue collected by the government through:

• taxes
• fees
  

Explanation

The Deputy Controller of Examination is typically responsible for overseeing various aspects of the examination process,

Including the identification and management of examination centers.