Explanation

• Established: 31 December 1600
• It was an English joint-stock company formed for trade with Asia.

Additional information:

• Ceased operations: 1 June 1874; 149 years ago
• Headquarters: London, United Kingdom
• Founder figures: Thomas Smythe, John Watts
• Charter granted by: Queen Elizabeth I

Last verified on 24-06-2026

Explanation

• Introduction: May 1959
• Announced by: General Muhammad Ayub Khan
• Martial Law imposed: October 1958
• Basic Democrats: 80,000 total (40,000 from East + 40,000 from West Pakistan)
• System purpose: Indirect elections of President & assemblies

Additional information:

• The system was formalized under the Basic Democracies Order (BDO), 1959.
• First Presidential election under this system was held in 1965.

Last verified on 23-06-2026

Explanation

• Author: Muhammad Ayub Khan
• Year: 1967
• Subject: Foreign policy of Pakistan
• Position of author: President of Pakistan (1958–1969)
• Type: Political / Autobiographical work

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• Office: 14 Aug 1947 – 11 Sep 1948
• Duration: ~1 year 28 days
• Monarch: George VI

• Office: 14 Sep 1948 – 17 Oct 1951
• Duration: ~3 years 33 days
• Monarch: George VI

• Office: 17 Oct 1951 – 7 Aug 1955
• Duration: ~3 years 294 days
• Monarch: George VI / Elizabeth II

• Office: 7 Aug 1955 – 23 Mar 1956
• Duration: ~299 days
• Monarch: Elizabeth II

Last verified on 23-06-2026

Explanation

• First Governor: Zahid Husain
• Term: June 1948 – July 1953

Additional information:

• First Female Governor: Dr. Shamshad Akhtar
• Year of Female Governor Appointment: 2006
• Headquarters: Karachi, Pakistan

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

• Sir Mian Abdul Rashid was the first Chief Justice of Pakistan.
• From June 27, 1949, to June 29, 1954
• Birth: 29 June 1889, Lahore
• Death: 6 November 1981, Islamabad (aged 92)
• Appointed By: Muhammad Ali Jinnah on August 15, 1947
• Awards: Knight Bachelor, Star of India, Hilal-e-Pakistan

Additional information:

• Longest-serving Chief Justice: Mohammad Haleem
• Shortest-serving Chief Justice: Muhammad Shahabuddin

Last verified on 14-06-2026

Explanation

• Tourmaline is found in Chitral, Pakistan as a semi-precious gemstone.
• It is a valuable mineral used in jewelry due to its attractive colors.
• Chitral is rich in pegmatite rock formations where gemstones occur.
• Tourmaline is known for its multi-colored crystal varieties.

Last verified on 23-06-2026

Explanation

• Location: Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
• Built: 1642 AD
• Emperor Era: Mughal Empire Shah Jahan
• Commissioned by: Hakim Ilm-ud-din Ansari (Wazir Khan)

Last verified on 23-06-2026

Explanation

• Multan is famous for camel skin art, handicrafts, and glazed pottery, especially its traditional painted lamps.
• Province: Punjab, Pakistan
• Nickname: City of Saints

Last verified on 22-06-2026

Explanation

• The Kargil War was fought between India and Pakistan in 1999.
• It took place from May to July 1999.
• It is also known as Kargil Conflict / Operation Vijay (India).
• The location was the Kargil district along the Line of Control (LoC).

Additional information:

• The conflict was stopped with USA’s intervention.
• India had about 30,000 troops, Pakistan had about 5,000 troops.
• Captain Karnal Sher Khan Shaheed was a hero of the war.
• General Pervez Musharraf was Pakistan’s COAS.
• General V. P. Malik was India’s COAS.
• India won the Kargil War.
• India lost 527 soldiers.
• Pakistan lost 453 soldiers.

Last verified on 22-06-2026