Explanation

The press is referred to as "The Fourth Estate".

Due to its role in influencing public opinion and holding other branches of government accountable.

This role complements the functions of the judiciary, executive, and legislature, which are considered the three main estates of government.

Explanation

An Independent Power Producer (IPP)

Independent power is a competitive alternative to utility-owned and operated power. 

They own the power plants and facilities that produce electricity. 

Explanation

• The All India Muslim League was founded on 30 December 1906 in Dacca, British India (now Dhaka, Bangladesh).
• It's founder was Nawab Khwaja Salimullah.
  
• It's first President was Sir Agha Khan.
• The headquarters of the All India Muslim League was in Lucknow.
• The party was dissolved on 14 August 1947.

When the Muslim League ended in 1947, it split into three parties:

1. Muslim League in Pakistan
2. Awami League in Bangladesh
3. Indian Union Muslim League in India

Explanation

Pakistan won the 1992 World Cup against England

Dates: Feb 22, 1992 – Mar 25, 1992

Champions: Pakistan (1st title)

Matches: 39

Most runs: Martin Crowe (456)

Most wickets: Wasim Akram (18)

Participants: 9

Location: Australia, New Zealand

Explanation

Syed Ahmad Shaheed (1786-1831) was a Muslim leader and reformer who founded the Jihad movement in India.

He led a rebellion against the Sikh Empire in the early 19th century.

The Jihad movement, also known as the Tariqah-i-Muhammadiyah.

It aimed to reform Islamic practices, promote religious purification, and resist British colonial rule.

Explanation

• Earned a Ph.D. in Metallurgical Engineering from the Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium
• In Metallurgical Engineering in 1972
• Known as "Mohsin-e-Pakistan" (Saviour of Pakistan).
• Called the Father of Pakistan's Atomic Weapons Program.

Additional information:

• Served as Science Advisor to the Presidential Secretariat (1 Jan 2001 – 31 Jan 2004).
• Born: 1 April 1936, Bhopal, Bhopal State, India
• Died: 10 October 2021 (aged 85), Islamabad
• Political party: Tehreek-e-Tahaffuz-e-Pakistan (2012–2013)
• Awards
• Nishan-i-Imtiaz (1996; 1999)
• Hilal-i-Imtiaz (1989)

Last updated 18-07-2026 by NA

Explanation

Quaid e Azam joined All India Muslim League at the persuasion of Molana Muhammad Ali Johar.

All India Muslim League Founder Nawab Khwaja Salimullah

All India Muslim League Founded 30 December 1906 at Dacca, 

Dissolved 17 December 1947

Succeeded by Muslim League in Pakistan and Awami League in Bangladesh Indian Union Muslim League in India

• قائد اعظم نے مندرجہ ذیل سیاسی پارٹیوں میں شامل رہے
• Quaid e Azam join Indian National Congress in 1906 and left in 1920
  
• Quaid e Azam join All-India Muslim League in 1913 till 1947
• Quaid e Azam join Pakistan Muslim League in 1947 till 1948)
• ***
• Mohammed Ali Jinnah died on September 11, 1948, in Karachi, Pakistan.
• Mohammed Ali Jinnah was the founder and first governor-general (1947–48) of Pakistan
  
• Mohammad Ali Jinnah was Born: on December 25, 1876, in Karachi

SH1-8-2023

Explanation

In 1907, Iqbal moved to Germany to pursue his doctoral studies, and earned a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in 1908. Working under the guidance of Friedrich Hommel, Iqbal's doctoral thesis was entitled The Development of Metaphysics in Persia.

Explanation

On 11th August 1947 Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was elected as the President of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan.

The first session of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan was held on 10th August 1947 at the Sindh Assembly Building in Karachi.

Liaquat Ali Khan headed after the death of Jinnah for three years and produced the Objectives Resolution.

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Explanation