Explanation

• The stomach produces Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) as part of gastric juice.
• HCl creates a highly acidic environment with a pH of about 1.5–3.5.
• It activates pepsinogen into pepsin.
• Pepsin helps break down proteins into smaller peptides.

Last verified on 03-09-2026

Explanation

• The instrument used to measure temperature is called a thermometer.
• A thermometer shows how hot or cold an object or place is.

Additional information:

• Barometer measures air pressure.
• Hygrometer measures humidity (moisture in air).

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• Iskander Mirza became the first President of Pakistan on 23 March 1956.
• He was the last Governor-General of Pakistan before becoming President.
• He was associated with the Republican Party.
• He abrogated the 1956 Constitution and imposed martial law (1958).
• He also served earlier as Governor of Bengal (India) and Governor-General of Pakistan.
• Born: 13 November 1899, Murshidabad, India
• Died: 13 November 1969, London, UK (buried in Iran)
• He was the great-grandson of Mir Jafar.

Additional information:

• First President of Constituent Assembly of Pakistan: Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah
• First elected President of Pakistan: Field Marshal Ayub Khan

Explanation

• Walter Hunt patented the safety pin on April 10, 1849.
• He sold the patent rights for $400, which is approximately $14,000 today.

Last updated by NA on 06-11-2026

Explanation

Explanation

• Alexander Graham Bell is credited as the inventor of the telephone.
• He was awarded the first successful patent for it.
• The telephone was invented in 1876.
• Bell made the first-ever telephone call to his assistant Thomas Watson.

Last updated by NA on 06-11-2026

Explanation

• Whales are marine mammals (Mammalia).
• It belonging to the order Cetacea.
• This also includes dolphins and porpoises.
• They breathe air, give birth to live young, and produce milk to feed their offspring, like all mammals.

Last verified on 06-11-2026

Explanation

• The Holy Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) performed only one Hajj in his lifetime.
• He performed this Hajj in 10 A.H. (632 CE).
• It was his first and last Hajj.
• It was known as Hujjat-ul-Wada (The Farewell Pilgrimage).

Additional information:

• The Holy Prophet (ﷺ) performed 4 Umrahs in his lifetime.
• His first Umrah after the Hijrah to Madinah was performed in 7 A.H. (629 CE) (Umrah al-Qada).

Last updated by NA on 05-11-2026

Explanation

There have been only 7 nationwide censuses.

1. First Census was held in Pakistan in 1951.
2. The second Census was held in Pakistan in 1961.
3. The third Census was held in Pakistan in 1972.
4. The fourth Census was held in Pakistan in 1981.
5. The fifth Census was held in Pakistan in 1998.
6. The Sixth Census was held in Pakistan in 2017.
7. The seventh census was held in Pakistan in 2023.

Additional Information:

Census has been undertaken every 10 years

it was beginning in 1872 under British viceroy Lord Mayo

Explanation

• - Location: Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, South Africa.
• - Coast: Atlantic Ocean.
• - Geographical Feature: Rocky headland.
• - Pharaoh: Necho II of Egypt.
• - Date: Around 600 BC.
• - Explorers: Phoenician sailors.
• - Route: Red Sea → Around Africa → Mouth of the Nile

Last updated by NA on 05-11-2026