As per Pakistan's 2023 Census, Sindh province recorded an annual population growth rate of 2.57%, slightly higher than Punjab’s 2.53% and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa’s 2.38%.
Based on that growth rate ranking, Sindh experienced the largest population growth among the listed provinces in 2023.
The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan is the first to define a "Muslim" officially in legal and constitutional terms.
Article 260 of the 1973 Constitution includes the definition of a Muslim as someone who believes in the Oneness of Allah and the finality of Prophethood of Muhammad (PBUH).
In fiscal year 2024 (FY24), Pakistan received approximately USD 1.9 billion in foreign direct investment (FDI), marking a 17% year-on-year increase from FY23.
China was the largest investor, contributing around USD 568 million—about 30% of the total FDI—followed by Hong Kong (USD 359 m) and the UK (USD 268 m).
On 23 January 2023, a national grid frequency fluctuation caused a massive blackout affecting 220 million people in Pakistan.
The outage was due to faulty grid synchronization during energy-saving shutdowns, leading to unstable frequency (~50.75 Hz) and a 12-hour power collapse.
In 2023, Pakistan entered into a long‑term commercial agreement with Russia to import crude oil at a discounted rate (approximately $60/barrel, around $10 under market price).
The first agreed cargo of ~100,000 metric tonnes began arriving in late 2023, with Pakistani refineries.
Such as Cnergyico and Pakistan Refinery Limited—receiving the shipment and refining the oil locally.
