Explanation

• China: Largest cotton-producing country.
• Textile Industry: 7,500 companies.
• Annual Production: US $73 billion of cotton cloth.

Additional information:

• India: Second-largest cotton producer.
• USA: Third largest cotton producer.

Last verified on 23-01-2026

Explanation

• Sri Lanka is an island country in South Asia.
• It has no land border with any other country.
• It is located in the Indian Ocean, southeast of India.
• Sri Lanka is separated from India by the Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar.

Additional information:

Five countries that have no land border because they are island countries:

1. Sri Lanka
2. Maldives
3. Japan
4. Iceland
5. Madagascar

Last verified on 26-09-2026

Explanation

• Vasco da Gama was a famous explorer and navigator from Portugal.

Additional information:

• Born: 1460, Sines, Portugal
• Died: 1524, Cochin, India
• Famous Achievement: First European to reach India by sea in 1498
• Significance: Opened direct maritime trade between Europe and Asia

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

Date: 16 September

UN Proclamation Year: 1994

Ozone Layer Discovery: 1985 (Montreal Protocol signed in 1987)

Additional information:

• Theme 2024: Montreal Protocol: Advancing Climate Action
• Theme 2025: From Science to Global Action
• Theme 2026: Global action for a cooler planet

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Explanation

• The headquarters of Amnesty International (AI) is located in London, United Kingdom.
• Founded: 1961
• Founder: Peter Benenson
• Members & Supporters: More than 7 million
• Presence: Over 150 countries
• Main Purpose: Protection and promotion of human rights
• Nobel Peace Prize: 1977
• Awarded for: "Worldwide respect for human rights."

Last verified on 18-07-2026

Explanation

Member Countries (8):

1. Afghanistan,
2. Bangladesh,
3. Bhutan,
4. India,
5. Maldives,
6. Nepal,
7. Pakistan,
8. Sri Lanka

SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

• Founded: 8 December 1985
• Headquarters: Kathmandu, Nepal
• Official Language: English
• Purpose: Promote regional cooperation, economic growth, and cultural exchange among South Asian nations

Explanation

• Scientist Name: Ibn al-Nafis
• Date / Year: 1242 CE
• Major Work: Commentary on Anatomy in Avicenna's Canon
• He was a pioneering Arab physician
• Major contribution: Pulmonary circulation
• Blood pressure: Modern measurement/concept developed centuries later.

Explanation

• Canberra is the capital city of Australia.

Additional information:
Currency is the Australian Dollar.

The official language is English.

The national game is Cricket.

Located in the continent of Oceania.

Primary Religion is Christianity (but a secular country).

Parliament is called the Federal Parliament.

Australia flag has three colours.

Tricks for Remember

DOLLAR

 Li-Ne-US-Ca-Fi-T-E-A

Mind trick: Li ne(a name) who lives in US likes Coffee(Ca- Fi) and Tea(T-E-A)

**Li-Ne**

Li-Liberia

Ne-New Zealand

**US**

United States

**Ca-Fi**

Ca-Canadian

Fi- Fizzi

**T-E-A**

T-Taiwan

E-Ethiopia

A-Australia

Must read

Capital of World Countries

Currency of World Countries

Last verified on 12-06-2026

Explanation

• The headquarters of the International Court of Justice is in The Hague, Netherlands.
• ICJ is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations.
• It consists of 15 judges, elected for 9-year terms.

• Founded: 1945
• Official Languages: English, French
• Member States: UN member countries
• Main Function: Settling legal disputes between states

Explanation

• China has the world's biggest army by active military personnel.

Additional information:

Top Militaries by Active Personnel (2025 estimates): 

1. China: ~2.035 million
2. India: ~1.46 - 1.475 million
3. United States: ~1.3 - 1.4 million
4. North Korea: ~1.28 million
5. Russia: ~1.1 - 1.3 million