Explanation

• Date of Conquest: 29 May 1453
  • Siege Duration: 55 days
  • Ottoman Sultan: Mehmed II (Mehmed the Conqueror)
  • Significance: End of Byzantine Empire; start of Ottoman dominance in Eastern Europe
  • Population of Constantinople at Fall: ~50,000 – 80,000

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

Frederick Chalmers Bourne was the First Governor of East Bengal after Independence.

Additional information:

• Tenure: 15 August 1947 – 5 April 1950
• Nationality: British
• Province: East Bengal (later East Pakistan, now Bangladesh)
• Key Role: Managed administrative transition from British India to Pakistan

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Time Period: 3300 BCE – 1300 BCE (entire civilization)
• Mature Phase: 2600–1900 BCE
• Major Cities with Drainage: Mohenjo-daro, Harappa, Dholavira, Lothal, Kalibangan
• Number of Main Drains in Mohenjo-daro: Over 700 household drains connected to covered sewers
• Population Estimate: Around 1–2 million people in urban centers

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

Ameer Khusro (1253–1325 AD) was a famous Sufi poet, scholar, and musician in the Indian subcontinent.

He was served under Sultan Alauddin Khilji and later Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq.

Additional information:

• Birth Year: 1253 AD
• Death Year: 1325 AD
• Also called as: “Tuti-e-Hind” (Parrot of India)

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Kavaan, a male elephant, was famous for being kept in poor conditions in Pakistan.
• Kavaan was kept at Marghazar Zoo, Islamabad before relocation.
• In 2021, he was sent to Wildlife Friends Foundation Thailand (WFFT) Elephant Sanctuary in Cambodia for rehabilitation.

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Ruling Dynasty: Kushanas
• Time Period: 1st century CE – 5th century CE
• Main Centers: Taxila, Peshawar Valley, Swat Valley
• Style Influences: Greek (Hellenistic), Roman, Indian
• Subjects: Buddha statues, Bodhisattvas, stupas

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

Financial Action Task Force (FATF)

• Added to Grey List: June 2018
• Removed from Grey List: 21 October 2022
• Duration on Grey List: ~4 years
• Votes required to exit Grey List: 12 out of 39

Additional related updates (2023):

• South Africa & Nigeria added to Grey List on 24 February 2023
• Cambodia & Morocco removed from Grey List on 24 February 2023

Explanation

• Cease Fire Date: 1 January 1949
• Based on: Part I of the UN Resolution of 13 August 1948
• Purpose: Suspension of hostilities and delineation of control areas
• Countries involved: India and Pakistan
• Later Name: Line of Control (LoC)

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Visiting Country: Uzbekistan
• President: Shavkat Mirziyoyev
• Visit Month and Year: March 2022
• Purpose: Trade, investment, and regional cooperation

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Date of Ordinance: 15 June 2022
• Issue: Speaker’s powers limited by ordinance
• Issued by: Governor Balighur Rehman
• Affected body: Punjab Provincial Assembly

Last verified on 18-01-2026