Explanation

Geroge Stephenson designed the railway steam engine 

The locomotives were the work of Stephenson and his son Robert.

Explanation

The Great Clock was installed in 1859 and started on 31 May.

The Great Bell, Big Ben, began striking on 11 July 1859.

Big Ben is a clock at the British Parliament building.

It is located in London, England 

The Architect was Augustus Pugin

Its height is 96 m 

Additional information:

History.

Elizabeth Tower, originally named the Clock Tower, and popularly known as "Big Ben",

It was built as a part of Charles Barry's design for a new Palace of Westminster

after the old palace was largely destroyed by fire on 16 October 1834.

Explanation

Ms. Florence Nightingale was the founder of modern nursing.

She was an English social reformer.

She was born on 12 May 1820 in Italy.

She died on 13 August 1910 in England

Awards

• Royal Red Cross (1883)
• Lady of Grace of the Order of St John (LGStJ) (1904)
• Order of Merit (1907)

Additional information 

she was a manager and trainer of nurses during the Crimean War 

In this war, she organized to care for wounded soldiers.

Crimean War (Oct 1853- Feb 1856) was fought between The Russians and the British, French and Ottoman Turkish

Explanation

International Teachers Day is an international day held on October 5.

This day was Established in 1994

Theme 2020: Teachers: Leading in Crisis, Reimaging the Future

Theme 2021: Teachers at the heart of education recovery

Theme 2022: The Transformation of Education Begins with Teachers

Theme 2023: "The Teachers We Need for the Education We Want: The Global Imperative to Reverse the Teacher Shortage"

Explanation

• Lahore is located on the bank of Ravi river. 
• Lahore is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab.
• Pakistan's 2nd largest city after Karachi.
•  26th largest city in the world.
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Explanation

• Epistemology is the theory of knowledge
• It is the branch of philosophy 
• It deals with the nature, origin, and scope of knowledge.
• The term 'epistemology' was coined by James Fredrick Ferrier
• It comes from the Greek words "episteme' (knowledge) and 'logos' (theory)

Explanation

In 1867, the United States purchased Alaska from Russia

for a price of $7.2 million

Additional information:

Pakistan has three big sea ports  It was purchased from Oman in 1958.

1. Karachi Port,
2. Muhammad Bin Qasim port
3. and Gwadar port.

Explanation

The first man to land on the moon was Neil Armstrong

He took the first step to the lunar surface on 20 July 1969

He went to the lunar surface in called Apollo 11.

Additional information:

Buzz Aldrin became the second person to land on the moon 

Yurl Gagarin was the first person to go to space in the world.

Rakesh Sharma was the first Indian to go into space.

Explanation

The Year of Sadness Year of sorrow  (عام الحزن) is the Hijri era when Muhammad's wife Hadilla and her uncle and guardian Abu Talib died. This year almost coincided with 619 AD, the tenth year since the first revelation of Muhammad.

Explanation

The Crusades were a series of religious wars directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period period between 1095 and 1291

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Yusuf ibn Ayyub ibn Shadhi commonly known by the epithet Saladin

An important figure of the Third Crusade,

he spearheaded the Muslim military effort against the Crusader states in the Levant.

He was the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty.

Hailing from an ethnic Kurdish family,

he was the first sultan of both Egypt and Syria.