Explanation

According to American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, for adults and children (single rescuer), the correct CPR ratio is 30 compressions to 2 breaths.

Explanation

For a choking child (age 1 to 8 years), the recommended first aid is to perform back blows to help dislodge the obstruction.

Finger sweeping (C) is not advised unless you can see the object clearly.

Mouth to mouth breathing (A) and cardiac compressions (B) are part of CPR, not the immediate step for choking.

Explanation

For suspected fractures without external wounds, the best immediate first aid is to immobilize the injured limb (apply support or splint) to prevent further injury and reduce pain, then promptly refer the patient to an orthopedic specialist for definitive management.

Painkillers alone or applying heat pads are not appropriate first aid measures in acute trauma cases.

Treating the fracture fully at primary care is not advised without specialist input.

Explanation

The most helpful first aid measure for a snakebite is to Position the patient with wound area below the level of heart 

This action helps to slow the spread of the venom through the bloodstream to vital organs.

The patient should remain calm and still, and the affected limb should be kept immobilized at or below heart level while waiting for medical professionals to arrive

Explanation

Raise the head of patient (Correct answer — raising the head is NOT recommended in shock) 

 In shock, the legs should be raised to improve blood flow to vital organs, and the airway should be kept open.

Raising the head can worsen blood flow and is not advised.

Explanation

Splint in injured deformed position without manipulation (Correct answer — injured limb should be realigned gently unless grossly deformed) 

Generally, a splint should immobilize the limb in the position of function, and severe deformities should be aligned gently only by trained personnel.

Leaving gross deformity untreated can cause complications.

Explanation

To provide definitive treatment

First aid management of fracture/dislocation aims to prevent further injury, provide stability, and relieve pain, but definitive treatment should be done by medical professionals later.

Explanation

Always apply tight hard splints

This statement is FALSE because splints should not be applied too tightly; they must be firm but not restrict circulation.

Tight splints can cause further injury or compromise blood flow.

Explanation

In basic life support (BLS), the pulse should be checked for 5 to 10 seconds to quickly assess cardiovascular status.

Explanation

Third-degree burns (full-thickness burns) are characterized by charred, leathery skin and loss of sensation due to nerve damage.

Pain may be absent in the burned area.