Explanation

The battle took place in 627 

Fought in fifth Hijri

Aso known as the Battle of Khandaq and the Battle of the Confederates.

 It is a 27-day-long defense.

Muslims of Yathrib from Arab and Jewish tribes.

Explanation

Maktubat Imam Rabbani was written by Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi (also known as Mujaddid Alf Sani).

It is a collection of 536 letters  (compiled in three volumes)

• Volume 1 (Durr al-Ma'rifat): Compiled by Khwajah Yar Muhammad Badakhshi Talqani, contains 313 letters.
• Volume 2 (Noor al-Khallaq): Compiled by Khwajah Abdul Hayy, contains 99 letters.
• Volume 3 (Ma'rifat al-Haqa'iq): Compiled by Khwajah Muhammad Hashim Kashmi, contains 124 letters. 

Last updated question  18-02-2026

Explanation

Taxila is intellectual hub of the ancient Gandharan civilization.

Old name: Takhshasila

Explanation

• Iraq, formerly known as Mesopotamia 
• Capital and largest city: Baghdad 
• Official languages: Arabic and Kurdish

Establishment

• Independence declared: 3 October 1932

• Republic declared: 14 July 1958

• Current constitution: 15 October 2005

Additional information

Najd and Hejaz are the old names of Saudi Arabia.

New Granada is the old name of Colombia.

Nippon is the old name of Japan

Last updated question  18-02-2026

Explanation

• Brussels is the capital of Belgium
• Location: Central Belgium, on the Senne River.

Additional information

• Belgium's currency is Euro.
• Official language is Dutch; French; German.
• Located in Continent Europe.
• Primary Religion is Secular.

Tricks for Remember

EURO

 BIG -FAN-PI –SMS

Mind Trick : BIG FAN of PI and wished through SMS

**BIG**

B-Belgium

I-Ireland

G-Germany

**FAN**

F-France

A-Austria

N-Netherland

**PI**

P-Portugal

I-Italy

**SMS**

S-Spain

M-Malta

S-Solvaria

Explanation

Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes.

Chromosome 21 is the smallest autosome in terms of base pairs.

Chromosome 1 is the largest autosome.

Chromosome 23 refers to sex chromosomes (X or Y), not autosomes.

Chromosome 21 is associated with Down syndrome when trisomic.

Last updated question 17-02-2026

Explanation

• Oxidation state indicates the number of electrons an atom has gained or lost.
• Moving from –3 → 0 means the element loses 3 electrons.
• Loss of electrons is called oxidation.
• This process increases the element’s oxidation number.
• Example: Nitrogen in NH₃ (–3) → N₂ (0) during oxidation.

Last updated question 17-02-2026

Explanation

• Cell membrane contains phospholipids, proteins, and glycoproteins.
• Glycoproteins form a sticky outer layer (glycocalyx).
• This layer slows the movement of molecules across the membrane.
• Glycolipids also reduce diffusion slightly, but less than glycoproteins.
• Glycerol does not affect cell diffusibility significantly.

Last updated question 17-02-2026

Explanation

Explanation