Explanation

An MS Excel sheet (or worksheet) consists of rows and columns that intersect to form cells

• Cells: The basic unit of an Excel sheet, where data is entered. 
• Rows: Horizontal lines that run across the sheet, numbered sequentially. 
• Columns: Vertical lines that run down the sheet, identified by alphabetical letters. 
• Workbook: A collection of one or more worksheets within a single Excel file. 

Last updated 15-feb-2026

Explanation

A Pivot Table is a powerful data summarization and analysis tool primarily associated with Microsoft Excel 

A pivot table allows you to extract the significance from a large, detailed data set.

Last updated 15-feb-2026

Explanation

Attenuation means reduction in power (strength) of light signal as it travels through an optical fiber.

It is mainly caused by:

• Absorption

• Scattering

• Bending losses

It is measured in decibels per kilometer (dB/km).

Last updated 15-feb-2026

Explanation

Multiple repeaters in a communication satellite are called transponders.

These devices are essential for receiving weak signals from Earth, amplifying them, changing their frequency, and retransmitting them back

Allowing the satellite to handle multiple communication channels simultaneously.

Last updated 15-feb-2026

Explanation

A complete graph is a type of graph in which every pair of distinct vertices (nodes) is connected by a unique edge.

If a graph has n nodes, a complete graph has n(n−1)/2 edges.

For example:

3 nodes → 3 edges

4 nodes → 6 edges

This ensures that all nodes are fully connected.

Last updated 15-feb-2026

Explanation

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is a system where transactions are recorded across multiple computers (nodes) in a network.

It ensures transparency, security, and immutability.

Blockchain is a type of DLT where transactions are grouped in blocks linked in a china

Last updated 15-feb-2026

Explanation

IMSUM() function in Excel is used to add two or more complex numbers.

Syntax:

IMSUM(number1, [number2], …)

Example:

=IMSUM("3+4i","1+2i")→"4+6i"

It handles complex numbers in the form a+bi or a+bj in Excel.

Last updated 15-feb-2026

Explanation

{VLOOKUP} (Vertical Lookup) in Excel searches for a specific value in the leftmost column of a table and returns a corresponding value from another column in the same row

Last updated 15-feb-2026

Explanation

Macros in Microsoft Office automate repetitive, multi-step tasks

Such as formatting reports, cleaning data, or generating daily backups—into a single click or keyboard shortcut.

They significantly increase productivity, ensure 100% consistency, and reduce human error 

Last updated 15-feb-2026

Explanation

Last updated 15-feb-2026