Explanation

• Long day plants flower when day length exceeds a critical duration (long daylight hours).
• Long days trigger the shift from vegetative growth to reproductive (flowering) stage.
• Examples: Wheat, barley, spinach, radish.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• In maize (Zea mays), the first structure to emerge from the seed during germination is the radical root.
• It is also known as the primary root.
• This root grows downward into the soil, anchoring the seedling and absorbing water and nutrients.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• The top one-third portion of sugarcane is best for seed because buds are young, active, and have higher germination.
• Contains more moisture and glucose, which supports quick sprouting.
• Lower portions are older and buds may be less viable.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Recommended row-to-row distance for cotton is 75 cm, depending on variety and cultivation method.
• Ensures proper plant spacing for sunlight penetration, air circulation, and pest control.
• Helps in mechanical operations like weeding and harvesting.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Sand particles are the largest among soil particles, ranging from 0.05 mm to 2 mm.
• Sand improves drainage and aeration but holds less water and nutrients.
• Soil texture affects root growth, water retention, and fertility.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Secondary nutrients are required by plants in moderate amounts, less than primary nutrients (N, P, K).
• Sulfur (S) is essential for protein synthesis, enzyme function, and chlorophyll formation.
• Other secondary nutrients include Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg).

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Zinc (Zn) is a critical micronutrient for rice growth and development.
• Deficiency causes stunted growth, chlorosis, and reduced tillering.
• Applied as ZnSO₄ (zinc sulfate) to soil or as foliar spray.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Brassica juncea is the scientific name of Indian mustard, a major oilseed crop.
• Cultivated for edible oil, seeds, and sometimes as a green manure crop.

Additional information:

• B. napus – Canola/Rapeseed
• B. oleracea – Cabbage, Cauliflower

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Edaphic factors are soil-related factors that affect plant growth.
• Include soil texture, structure, pH, fertility, moisture, and organic matter.
• Influence root development, nutrient availability, and crop yield.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

Wind erosion occurs when soil particles are detached and transported by wind.

• Suspension: Fine particles are lifted and carried long distances in the air.
• Abrasion: Soil particles scrape and wear surfaces as they move.
• Extrusion: Larger particles roll or bounce along the soil surface (also called saltation).

Last verified on 01-02-2026