Explanation

 Ahmed Ben Bella was an Algerian politician and soldier

He served as the head of government of Algeria from 27 September 1962 to 15 September 1963

He was the first president of Algeria from 15 September 1963 to 19 June 1965.

He was born on 25 December 1916 in Maghnia

Died: 11 April 2012 (aged 95) Algiers, Algeria

Explanation

Mohammed Ali Ahmed al-Haddad was a Libyan field marshal

He served as the Chief of the General Staff of the Libyan Army from 2020 until 2025

He died in a plane crash on 23 December 2025 (aged 57–58).

The highest-ranking Libyan officer in the Government of National Unity (GNU),

Al-Haddad was born in Misrata in 1967

Explanation

Sheikh Abdul Aziz Bin Baz was a famous Saudi Arabian Islamic scholar

known as Ibn Baz or Bin Baz

The second Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia from 1993 to 1999. 

 He passed away in 1999 at the age of 88 or 90. 

Explanation

Pakistan has sold 40 JF-17 Thunder Block III aircraft to Azerbaijan

The total deal is worth around $4.6 billion,

 This is considered the largest export contract in Pakistan's defense industry history. 

Explanation

A data array stores multiple elements of the same type in contiguous memory locations.

Each element can be accessed directly using an index.

Arrays provide efficient memory storage and quick access.

They are a basic and widely used data structure in programming.

Explanation

The ripening of fruits is a biochemical process.

Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration, which drives ripening.

It helps in conversion of starches to sugars and softening of fruit tissue.

Controlled oxygen levels are used in storage and packaging to manage ripening.

Explanation

Anthracite is the highest grade of coal with the highest carbon content.

It has low moisture and impurities, making it very efficient as fuel.

It burns cleanly and produces more heat compared to other types of coal.

Other forms like lignite and bituminous have higher moisture and lower carbon.

Explanation

In chloroplasts, the Calvin cycle occurs in the stroma.

CO₂ is fixed and converted into sugars in this area.

Thylakoids are the site of light-dependent reactions, not sugar formation.

Stroma contains enzymes needed for carbon fixation.

Explanation

Scientists estimate that 33% of the Earth’s area should be conserved.

This helps maintain biodiversity and ecological balance.

Protected areas include forests, wetlands, and marine zones.

Explanation

Restriction enzymes (also called restriction endonucleases) recognize specific DNA sequences.

These sequences are usually 4–8 base pairs long.

The enzymes cut DNA at or near these recognition sites.

They are widely used in molecular biology and genetic engineering.

Restriction enzymes allow scientists to manipulate DNA for cloning and analysis.