Explanation

• Per capita water availability in Pakistan is decreasing by 400pc.
• Due to population growth and diminishing water resources.
• This leading to increased concerns over water scarcity.

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• Anthocyanins are pigments responsible for red, purple, and blue colors in plants.
• In citrus fruits, they give the red or reddish-orange hue to the peel or flesh.

Additional information:

• Anthocyanins also act as antioxidants, beneficial for human health.

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• Basmati 515 is a high-yielding and improved variety of Basmati rice developed in Pakistan.
• It is known for long grains, aroma, and resistance to lodging.

Additional information:

• Basmati 515 is suitable for Punjab and Sindh regions.

Explanation

• Falsa, Sweet-lime, and Jaman all have cooling effects when eaten.
• They provide water, nutrients, and help in lowering body temperature.

Additional information:

• Falsa: Rich in vitamins, helps digestion
• Sweet-lime: High in vitamin C, prevents dehydration
• Jaman: Contains antioxidants, naturally cooling

Last verified on 25-01-2026

Explanation

• Sterilants are pesticides that inhibit reproduction in insects.
• They prevent pests from laying fertile eggs, reducing future populations.

Additional information:

• Larvicides: Kill larvae
• Ovicides: Kill eggs

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• Trichogramma are tiny parasitic wasps used in biological pest control.
• The cards contain Trichogramma eggs that parasitize pest eggs (like stem borers) in crops.

Additional information:

• Used mainly in maize, sugarcane, and rice for stem borer control
• Eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• The Punjab government banned COL-54 variety of sugarcane due to poor performance, susceptibility to disease, or low yield.
• Farmers were advised to shift to better-performing varieties for higher production.

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• The official website is agri.punjab.gov.pk.
• The Agriculture Department Punjab uses an official government website for public services and information.
• The website provides details about crops, fertilizers, seeds, weather advisories, and farmer schemes.
• It is managed under the Punjab Government domain.

Last verified on 24-01-2026

Explanation

• Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water in the form of vapor from leaves, stems, and flowers.
• It helps in cooling the plant, nutrient transport, and maintaining water balance.

Additional information:

• Evaporation: Water loss from soil or water surfaces
• Respiration: Energy release by breaking down sugars
• Photosynthesis: Production of food using sunlight, CO₂, and water

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• Wheat requires water most critically during crown root initiation and flowering.
• Proper irrigation at these stages ensures strong root system and maximum grain yield.

Additional information:

• Crown root initiation: Early vegetative stage, helps in tiller and root development
• Flowering: Determines grain formation and yield

Last verified on 27-01-2026