Explanation

• COMPUTER stands for Commonly Operated Machine Particularly Used for Technical Education and Research
• First electronic general-purpose computer: ENIAC
• Developed: 1945–1946
• Output devices: Monitor, Printer, Speaker, Projector
• Input devices: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Microphone
• Father of the computer: Charles Babbage

Explanation

• In MS Excel Ctrl+9 shortcut key is used for hiding rows.

Additional information:

• Ctrl+0 (zero) to Hide Columns.
• Ctrl+Shift+( to Unhide Rows.
• Ctrl+Shift+) to Unhide Columns 
• Ctrl + N New Workbook
• Ctrl + O Open Workbook
• Ctrl + S Save Workbook
• Ctrl + P Print
• Ctrl + K Insert Hyperlink
• Ctrl + ; Insert Current Date
• Ctrl + Shift + ; Insert Current Time

Last updated NA on 10-09-2026

Explanation

• The shortcut key to insert a new slide in a PowerPoint presentation is Ctrl + M.

Additional information:

• Ctrl + N shortcut key used to create a new presentation document.
• Ctrl + S shortcut key used to save a presentation.

Last verified on 29-05-2026

Explanation

• Ctrl + D: Fill Down
• Ctrl + R: Fill Right

Additional information

• SUM(): Adds/total values in a range
• COUNT(): Counts cells containing numbers
• MOD(): Returns the remainder after division

Explanation

• Cells: Used in MS Excel to outline or separate data.
• Paragraphs: Used in MS Word to frame blocks of text.
• Text: Can be applied to selected text or lines.

Explanation

• To highlight a column, Ctrl+Space is used.

Additional information:

• Shift + Space is used for row.
• Help in MS Excel: F1
• Display active cells in Excel: Shift+Backspace
• Current date in Excel: Ctrl+;
• GO TO tab in Ms. Excel: F5 
• Column highlight: CTRL + space
• SUM formula in MS Excel: ALT + =
• New worksheet in Excel: Shift + F11
• Format numbers in comma format: Shift+1

Last updated NA on 10-09-2026

Explanation

• Transistors were the core technology used in second-generation computers.
• The University of Manchester's experimental Transistor Computer was first operational in November 1953

Additional information:

The five generations of computers:

1. First Generation (1946-1959 or 1940-1956): Vacuum tube-based technology (e.g., ENIAC).
2. Second Generation (1959-1965 or 1956-1963): Transistor-based technology.
3. Third Generation (1965-1971 or 1964-1971): Integrated circuit-based technology.
4. Fourth Generation (1972-1980): VLSI microprocessor-based technology.
5. Fifth Generation (1980-present): ULSI microprocessor-based technology, with a focus on artificial intelligence.

Explanation

• Cache Memory is the fastest memory.
• It is typically located inside or very close to the CPU.

Additional information:

• L1 Cache: Usually the fastest and smallest CPU cache.
• L2 Cache: Larger than L1 but generally slower.
• L3 Cache: Larger and usually shared among CPU cores.

Last verified on 09-08-2026

Explanation

• ROM (Read Only Memory) is a non-volatile storage device.
• It stores data permanently even without power.

Additional information:

• RAM (Random Access Memory) is a volatile storage device.
• It loses data when power is off.

Last verified on 17-06-2026

Explanation

• Charles Babbage is known as the Father of the Computer.
• He designed the more advanced Analytical Engine, which featured a "Mill" (CPU) and a "Store" (memory).

Additional information:

• He was an English polymath.
• Born: 26 December 1791 London, England
• Died: 18 October 1871 (aged 79) London, England

Last updated by NA on 06-11-2026