Explanation

• The speed of sound is minimum in gases because the particles are farthest apart, resulting in a slower transmission of vibrations.
• In gases, the speed of sound is approximately 343 meters per second at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.

Explanation

• In a longitudinal wave, a rarefaction is a region where the particles are furthest apart.
• This is in contrast to a compression, which is a region where the particles are closest together.

Explanation

• In a longitudinal wave, a compression is a region where the particles are closest together.
• While a rarefaction is a region where the particles are farthest apart.

Explanation

When an object is placed far away from a concave mirror, its image will be:

• Real (a projected image that can be seen on a screen)
• Inverted (upside down)
• Smaller in size than the object (reduced)

Explanation

When an object is placed very close to a concave mirror, its image will be:

• Virtual (not a real image that can be projected onto a screen)
• Upright (not inverted)
• Larger in size than the object (magnified)

Explanation

• A mirror with a reflecting surface that bulges outwards, like the back side of a spoon, is called a Convex Mirror.
• This type of mirror is used in applications such as security mirrors, rear-view mirrors, and surveillance mirrors, as it provides a wider field of view.

Explanation

• A Concave Mirror has a curved reflecting surface that bulges inward, like the front side of a spoon.
• This type of mirror is used in telescopes, solar concentrators, and other applications where light needs to be focused.

Explanation

• A kaleidoscope contains several mirrors placed at an angle to each other, usually 60 degrees.
• This allows multiple reflections to be created of the objects inside the kaleidoscope.

Explanation

• A Periscope uses two plane mirrors placed at a 45° angle to each other.
• It allowing the user to see objects that are not in their direct line of sight.
• This is commonly used in submarines, tanks, and other applications where visibility is limited.

Explanation

• Diffused reflection occurs when parallel rays of light hit a rough surface, scattering in different directions.
• This type of reflection is characterized by a random change in direction of the reflected light, resulting in a diffuse or scattered beam.

Examples:

• Wall
• Paper
• Cloth
• Cardboards