Explanation

Influenza is also known as the flu.

It is a contagious respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus.

It affects the nose, throat, and lungs, and can range from mild to severe.

Explanation

Thalassemia is a genetic disorder that affects the production of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the body's tissues.

It is characterized by abnormal hemoglobin production, leading to anemia, fatigue, and other complications.

Explanation

Leucocytes are also known as white blood cells.

They are colorless, irregularly shaped, nucleated cells that are larger in size compared to red blood cells (RBCs).

They play a vital role in the immune system, helping to fight infections and diseases.

Explanation

Lumen refers to the empty space inside dead cells of xylem vessels, which are arranged vertically and form the vascular tissue in plants.

The lumen provides a pathway for water and mineral transport from roots to leaves.

Explanation

Diastole is the phase of the cardiac cycle where the heart muscle relaxes.

It allowing the chambers to fill with blood.

Explanation

The heartbeat refers to the rhythmic pulsation of the heart that pumps blood throughout the body.

It is a vital function that maintains blood circulation, supplying oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs.

Explanation

Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system.

It occurs when there is an abnormal growth of white blood cells, which can crowd out healthy cells and platelets.

Explanation

Root hairs are long, thin, and tubular structures that increase the surface area of the root.

It allowing for a greater rate of absorption of water and minerals from the soil.

Explanation

In flowering plants, xylem is composed of four types of tissues:

1. Tracheids
2. Vessel elements
3. Xylem fibers
4. Xylem parenchyma

Explanation

Each gram of fat supplies the body with approximately 9 calories.

This is more than the energy provided by carbohydrates (4 calories per gram) and protein (4 calories per gram).