Explanation

Explanation

• Meiosis is a special type of cell division in living organisms.
• It occurs in reproductive cells (germ cells).
• It reduces chromosome number from diploid (2n) to haploid (n).
• It produces genetically different cells.
• Final result is formation of gametes.

Last verified on 20-05-2026

Explanation

• A cross between two heterozygous individuals (Aa × Aa) is a monohybrid cross.
• Each parent produces two types of gametes: A and a.
• Offspring combinations are AA, Aa, Aa, and aa.
• This gives a characteristic Mendelian ratio in genotype.
• It follows simple inheritance laws proposed by Mendel.

Last verified on 20-05-2026

Explanation

• Mendel’s law of independent assortment explains how traits are inherited independently.
• It works during gamete formation (meiosis).
• Genes are inherited independently if they are not physically linked.
• This usually happens when genes are on different chromosomes.
• It can also apply when genes are far apart on the same chromosome (due to crossing over).

Last verified on 20-05-2026

Explanation

• Cytoplasm is the living, jelly-like material inside the cell.
• All cell organelles are embedded within it.
• It helps in transport of materials and supports cellular activities.
• It is essential for the proper functioning of the cell.

Last verified on 13-05-2026

Explanation

• Carbohydrates are the main energy-giving nutrients in an ordinary diet.
• They are broken down into glucose, which provides energy to the body.
• They are the fastest and most efficient source of energy.
• Common foods rich in carbohydrates include rice, bread, and potatoes.

Last verified on 13-05-2026

Explanation

• The nucleus is the control center of the cell.
• It contains genetic material (DNA) that directs all cell activities.
• Without the nucleus, the cell loses coordination and regulation.
• Basic processes like growth, protein synthesis, and division stop.
• The most fundamental function affected first is control of activities.

Last verified on 08-05-2026

Explanation

• Body-building nutrients are essential for growth and repair of tissues.
• The main body-building nutrient is proteins.
• Lack of proteins in children leads to poor growth and weakness.
• Protein deficiency is most directly linked to impaired body development.

Last verified on 08-05-2026

Explanation

• Cell membrane is the outer protective covering of the cell.
• It controls what enters and leaves the cell.
• It works like a selective barrier.
• Also called plasma membrane.
• Allows useful substances in and waste out.
• Maintains balance inside the cell (homeostasis).

Last verified on 07-05-2026

Explanation

• Vitamin D is essential for strong bones and teeth.
• It helps the body absorb calcium and phosphorus.
• Its deficiency causes Rickets in children.
• Vitamin D = “Sunshine vitamin”
• Helps in bone mineralization
• Works with calcium to build strong skeleton

Last verified on 07-05-2026