Explanation

• The body of a sheep is covered with fleece, which is a mass of soft, dense, and curly fibers.
• Fleece provides insulation and protection to sheep.
• It is sheared and processed to produce wool for textiles.
• Quality of fleece varies by breed and age.
• Important for clothing industry and economic value.

Last verified on 12-02-2026

Explanation

• These vegetables are biennial plants, completing their life cycle in two years.
• First year — vegetative growth (leaves and roots).
• Second year — flowering and seed production.
• Commonly grown for edible roots and leaves.
• Examples: Carrot, Radish, Cabbage, Beet.

Last verified on 12-02-2026

Explanation

• Number of linkage groups = number of chromosome pairs (haploid number).
• Maize has 10 pairs (2n = 20) chromosomes.
• Haploid number (n) = 10.

Additional information:

• Wheat (bread) — 21 pairs → 21 groups
• Pea — 7 pairs → 7 groups
• Rice — 12 pairs → 12 groups
• Human — 23 pairs → 23 groups

Last verified on 12-02-2026

Explanation

• DNA contains a pentose sugar called deoxyribose.
• Pentose means the sugar has 5 carbon atoms.
• It forms the backbone of the DNA structure.
• Joined with phosphate and nitrogenous bases.
• Essential for genetic information storage.

Last verified on 12-02-2026

Explanation

• Ribosomes are known as the "protein factories" of the cell.
• They assemble amino acids into proteins according to mRNA instructions.

Last verified on 12-02-2026

Explanation

• A nullisomic individual lacks both chromosomes of one homologous pair.
• Therefore its chromosome number is 2n − 2.
• It is a type of aneuploidy.

Additional information:

• Monosomic — 2n − 1
• Trisomic — 2n + 1
• Tetrasomic — 2n + 2
• Euploid — normal 2n

Last verified on 12-02-2026

Explanation

• In plants, assimilates (products of photosynthesis) are transported from leaves to other parts.
• Mainly transported in the form of sucrose, a disaccharide sugar.
• Sucrose is soluble and easily moves through phloem tissue.
• Provides energy for growth, storage, and metabolism.
• Essential for fruit, seed, and root development.

Last verified on 12-02-2026

Explanation

• Bolting is the rapid growth of the flowering stem (inflorescence).
• Observed in sugarbeet, where the plant shifts from vegetative to reproductive stage.
• Causes reduced root yield and sugar content.
• Triggered by long day conditions or stress.
• Important to manage for better crop harvest.

Last verified on 12-02-2026

Explanation

• Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is the most widely grown wheat worldwide.
• It has six sets of chromosomes (hexaploid, 2n = 6x = 42).
• Hexaploid nature gives it genetic diversity and high yield potential.
• Originated from natural hybridization between tetraploid wheat and wild grass.
• Used mainly for bread, flour, and bakery products.

Last verified on 12-02-2026

Explanation

• Root crops are plants where the edible part grows underground.
• Carrot is a taproot crop, rich in nutrients like beta-carotene.
• Root crops are important for food and nutrition.

Last verified on 12-02-2026