Explanation

• Wheat (Triticum aestivum) belongs to the grass family (Poaceae).
• Its flower arrangement (inflorescence) is called a spike.
• In a spike, the spikelets are attached directly to the main axis without stalks.

Last verified on 12-02-2026

Explanation

• Amino acids are building blocks of proteins. 
• Non-essential amino acids can be synthesized by the human body.
• Essential amino acids must be obtained from diet. 
• Essential amino acids: Lysine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Methionine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Valine, Phenylalanine, Histidine
• Glutamine is non-essential because the body can produce it.

Last verified on 11-02-2026

Explanation

• Plants that have soft, green, non-woody stems and do not develop hard wood are called herbaceous plants.
• These plants usually live for one or a few years and include many vegetables, flowers, and grasses.
• Examples: Wheat, Sunflower, Spinach, Rose (herbaceous part), Marigold

Last verified on 11-02-2026

Explanation

• Some plants develop swollen underground stems to store food and ensure asexual propagation.
• These structures are known as tubers.
• It help the plant survive unfavorable conditions.

Additional information:

• Potato → most common tuber crop
• Yam → tropical tuber crop

Last verified on 11-02-2026

Explanation

• Root crops → crops where the edible part is the root or tuber, e.g., potato, carrot, turnip.
• Fiber crops → grown for fibre (e.g., cotton, flax).
• Sugar crops → grown for sugar (e.g., sugarcane, sugar beet).

Additional information:

• Potato → Solanum tuberosum
• Carrot → Daucus carota
• Turnip → Brassica rapa
• Radish → Raphanus sativus
• Sweet potato → Ipomoea batatas

Last verified on 11-02-2026

Explanation

• In dairy animals, the health of mammary glands is crucial for milk production.
• Inflammation of mammary glands reduces milk yield and affects quality.
• This condition is medically known as mastitis.

Last verified on 11-02-2026

Explanation

• Cholistani, Kali, Damani, Kachi, and Bibrik are well-known sheep breeds in Pakistan.
• These breeds are mainly reared for wool, meat, and sometimes milk.
• They are adapted to arid and semi-arid regions of Pakistan.

Last verified on 11-02-2026

Explanation

• Citrus canker is a serious bacterial disease affecting citrus plants.
• It causes lesions on leaves, stems, and fruits, reducing yield and market quality.
• The causal organism is Xanthomonas citri.

Last verified on 11-02-2026

Explanation

• The following table provides the botanical names for a variety of familiar plants: 

Rice : Oryza sativa

• Apple : Malus domestica
• Carrot : Daucus carota
• Coconut : Cocos nucifera
• Cucumber : Cucumis sativus
• Ginger : Zingiber officinale
• Mango : Mangifera indica
• Oak tree : Quercus
• Onion : Allium cepa
• Potato : Solanum tuberosum
• Wheat : Triticum aestivum
• Rose : Rosa
• Sunflower : Helianthus annuus
• Tomato : Solanum lycopersicum

Explanation

• Dietary fiber is essential for healthy digestion, regulating blood sugar, and preventing constipation.
• Fiber comes mainly from plant-based foods like grains, fruits, and vegetables.
• Eggs are animal-based and contain no dietary fiber.

Last verified on 11-02-2026