Explanation

• In the human digestive system, food is broken down into nutrients through chemical and mechanical processes.
• Mouth, small intestine, and large intestine play roles in digestion.
• But the esophagus only transports food from mouth to stomach and does not digest it.

Last verified on 02-02-2026

Explanation

• Maltose is broken down by the enzyme maltase into glucose in the small intestine.
• This glucose is then absorbed into the bloodstream for energy.

Last verified on 02-02-2026

Explanation

The kidney is the primary organ responsible for filtering blood in the human body.

Each kidney contains approximately one million microscopic units called nephrons

They actively remove metabolic wastes (such as urea and creatinine)

Explanation

Chromosomes are made up of:

• Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
• Proteins (histones and non-histone proteins)

A chromosome is made up of proteins and DNA organized into genes.

Each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes.

Explanation

• Human body cells renew at different rates depending on function and wear.
• Gut cells (intestinal epithelial cells) are the most rapidly replacing cells, regenerating every 2–5 days.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Citrus fruits are rich in Vitamin C, which is essential for immunity.
• Vitamin C also helps in wound healing, collagen formation, and iron absorption.
• Citrus fruits include oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruits.

Last verified on 25-01-2026

Explanation

• Some organisms feed on dead and decaying organic matter instead of living organisms.
• These organisms are called saprotrophs.
• They play an important role in decomposition and nutrient recycling in ecosystems.
• Examples include fungi, bacteria, and some protists.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Stomata are tiny pores on leaf surfaces that control gas exchange and water loss.
• Their opening and closing is regulated by certain nutrients.

• Adequate potassium improves drought tolerance and water-use efficiency in crops.
• Crops like wheat, rice, and sugarcane respond strongly to potassium fertilization.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone that stimulates fruit ripening.
• It can inhibit vegetative growth in some plants.
• It is naturally produced by fruits like apples and bananas during maturation.

Additional information:

• Abscisic acid helps in seed dormancy and stress response.
• Auxin mainly promotes cell elongation and growth.

Last verified on 30-01-2026

Explanation

• Hypocotyl is the portion of the embryonic stem below the cotyledon(s).
• It connects the cotyledons to the radicle (embryonic root).
• During germination (especially in dicots), hypocotyl often elongates and lifts cotyledons above soil.

Additional information:

• Epicotyl is the stem part above the cotyledons.

Last verified on 01-02-2026