Explanation

• Phenolphthalein is a pH indicator that changes color in response to changes in acidity or basicity.
• In an acidic medium, it is colorless, and in a basic medium, it turns pink.

Explanation

The mass of the proton is almost 1836 times heavier than that of an electron.

while

A neutron is 1842 times heavier than an electron.

Explanation

Sulphur powder is commonly found as a bright yellow solid.

It is non-metallic.

It is used in medicines, fertilizers, and chemicals.

Explanation

Let's calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for both atoms:

³¹₁₅P (Phosphorus)

•     Protons: 15
•     Neutrons: 31 - 15 = 16
•     Electrons (neutral atom): 15

³²₁₆S (Sulfur)

•     Protons: 16
•     Neutrons: 32 - 16 = 16
•     Electrons (neutral atom): 16

Both atoms have the same number of neutrons (16).

Explanation

Metallic oxides react with water to form bases, as shown in the example:

Na₂O + H₂O → 2NaOH

This reaction demonstrates the basic nature of metallic oxides, forming a strong base (sodium hydroxide, NaOH) when reacting with water.

Explanation

A decomposition reaction involves a single compound breaking down into simpler substances.

AB → A + B is the correct format for decomposition.

Explanation

A hydrogenation reaction occurs when vegetable oils are converted to fats.

The double bonds of vegetable oils are broken down resulting in a saturated fat i.e. ghee.

Explanation

CaCO₃ (Calcium carbonate)

No, it is not hygroscopic.

It does not absorb moisture significantly → NOT a desiccating agent

Explanation

 In $text{K}_2text{Cr}_2text{O}_7$, total oxidation state must be 0. K = +1, O = –2, so Cr must be +6 to balance the equation:

$$2(+1)+2(x)+7(–2)=0\Rightarrow x=+6$$

Explanation

: CsCl has a body-centered cubic (bcc) structure, where each Cs⁺ ion is surrounded by 8 Cl⁻ ions and vice versa.