Explanation

In ammonium ion, electrons required between hydrogen ion and nitrogen ion are two.

Explanation

• The existence of impurities in water decreases its freezing point, a phenomenon known as freezing point depression.
• This is because the impurities disrupt the formation of ice crystals, making it more difficult for water to freeze.
• As a result, the freezing point of water is lowered.

Explanation

The percentage of a sample of HBr decomposes at 430 °C. is 0.1.

Explanation

• When a gas is ionized, it means that the gas is converted into a state of matter known as plasma, where the gas is broken down into ions and free electrons.
• This is typically achieved through the application of high temperatures, high energies, or strong electrical fields.

Explanation

Uni negative ion is exothermic due to strong nuclear attraction and no already electron-electron repulsion.

Explanation

Increasing the proportion of reactants which have enough energy to overcome the activation energy: At a higher temperatures, more reactants have enough energy to overcome the activation energy. This increases the frequency of successful collisions so the rate increases.

Explanation

• pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in an aqueous solution.
• The term "pH" was coined by the Danish chemist Søren Sørensen in 1909, and it stands for "power of hydrogen". It is defined as the negative logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution: pH = -log[H+]
• A pH of 7 is neutral, while values below 7 are acidic and above 7 are basic.

Explanation

• High-speed electrons, such as those emitted in beta decay or used in electron microscopy, have wavelengths in the range of 10^-15 meters to 10^-12 meters.
• This is due to their high energy and momentum, which corresponds to a short wavelength according to the de Broglie hypothesis.

Explanation

• Ionization energy is represented by the symbol ΔH (or Ei) and its unit is typically measured in kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol or kJmole-1).
• This represents the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from an atom or molecule.

Explanation

• Nylon is a synthetic polymer that belongs to the class of polyamides.
• It is made up of repeating units of amide groups (-CONH-) linked together by peptide bonds.
• Nylon is a thermoplastic material that is strong, flexible, and resistant to abrasion and chemicals.