Explanation

Monel metal is highly resistant to corrosion, especially from acids and alkalis, making it suitable for food processing equipment.

Its durability and resistance to wear ensure long-lasting performance in industrial machinery.

Monel is preferred in food machinery due to excellent corrosion resistance.

Explanation

Monel is a corrosion-resistant alloy composed mainly of nickel (≈67%) and copper (≈33%).

It is widely used in marine engineering, chemical plants, and aerospace applications.

Monel = Nickel + Copper alloy known for corrosion resistance.

Explanation

Normalizing involves heating steel above its critical temperature and then cooling it in air to refine grain structure.

It improves mechanical properties like strength and toughness.

Steel is air-cooled during normalizing, not in furnace or water.

Explanation

Cold working induces internal stresses and hardens the metal; annealing softens it and relieves these stresses.

The process involves heating the metal to a specific temperature and then cooling it slowly.

Explanation

Mild steel contains 0.15% to 0.30% carbon, making it soft and ductile.

It is easily weldable and widely used in construction and manufacturing.

Mild steel = Low carbon steel with high ductility.

Explanation

The nature of pig iron (basic or acidic) depends on the chemical composition of the slag used in the furnace.

Basic pig iron contains basic oxides like CaO, while acidic pig iron contains acidic oxides like SiO₂.

Slag composition determines whether pig iron is basic or acidic.

Explanation

Steel is most elastic among the rubber, steel, glass and sponge.

Steel having the most steep linear stress-strain curve among all.

A stiffer material will have a higher elastic modulus.

Explanation

Cast iron contains graphite flakes that act as lubricants, reducing tool wear during machining.

Its brittle nature allows easy cutting without much deformation.

Cast iron is the easiest to machine among common metals.

Explanation

Molten metal is poured into a reusable metallic mould using gravity, not pressure.

This method produces accurate shapes with smooth surfaces.

It is used for medium production runs.

Permanent mould casting relies on gravity to fill the mould.

Explanation

Steel is forged above its recrystallisation temperature (around 1100 °C) to improve ductility and avoid cracks.

Hot forging refines the grain structure and enhances mechanical properties.

Forging is a hot working process done above recrystallisation temperature.