Explanation

• The cornea is the transparent, curved outer layer at the front of the eye.
• It helps focus light entering the eye.
• It protects the iris, pupil, and other internal parts of the eye.
• The cornea does not contain blood vessels but has many nerve endings.

Last verified on 02-09-2026

Explanation

• Urine is produced in the kidneys by filtering the blood.
• The kidneys remove excess water, salts, and waste products from the blood.
• Urine is formed in tiny filtering units called nephrons.
• After formation, urine passes through the ureters to the urinary bladder.
• The kidneys help maintain the body's fluid and electrolyte balance.

Last verified on 04-08-2026

Explanation

• Blood pressure readings use two numbers: systolic (top) and diastolic (bottom).
• An ideal normal reading is less than 120/80 mm Hg.
• Cardiac output: More blood pumped by the heart → higher BP.
• Blood volume: Increased blood volume → increased BP.

Last updated 25-07-2026 by NA

Explanation

• Bones do not secrete hormones,
• Hormones are produced by glands in the endocrine system.
• The parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone.
• It regulates calcium levels in the blood and bones.

Addition information 

• Functions performed by bones in the human body:
• Support: Provides a rigid framework for soft tissues.
• Protection: Shields vital organs like the brain, heart, and lungs.

Last updated 18-07-2026 by NA

Explanation

• The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity.
• The thoracic cavity is the chest cavity protected by the rib cage.
• It contains the lungs, heart, trachea, and major blood vessels.
• The lungs are enclosed by the pleural membranes.
• This cavity plays a vital role in breathing and respiration.

Last verified on 18-07-2026

Explanation

• On average, the human body contains about 60–70% water.
• Adult males: 60–65%
• Adult females: 50–60%
• Infants: ~75%
• Main functions: transport, digestion, temperature regulation

Last verified on 23-06-2026

Explanation

• The retina is the light-sensitive layer located at the back of the human eye.
• It contains special cells called rods and cones that detect light and color.
• These cells convert light into electrical signals.
• The signals are then sent to the brain through the optic nerve to produce vision.

Last verified on 11-03-2026

Explanation

• The Cerebellum controls body balance and coordination.
• It helps in smooth movement of muscles.
• It is also involved in simple learned (conditioned) responses.
• It works with other brain parts to maintain posture.
• Damage to it causes loss of balance and shaky movements.

Last verified on 07-06-2026

Explanation

• The average normal body temperature is generally accepted as 98.6°F (37°C).
• A temperature over 100.4°F (38°C) means you have a fever.

Additional Information:

• Hypothermia is the term used for temperature less than 36.50°C.
• Mild Pyrexia is the term used for temperature (99-100°F).
• Moderate Pyrexia is the term used for temperature (100-103°F).
• Severe Pyrexia is the term used for temperature (103-105°F).

Explanation

• The largest endocrine gland is the Thyroid gland.
• It is located in the neck, below the larynx.
• Produces hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
• Controls metabolism, growth, and energy levels.

Last verified on 02-05-2026