Explanation

• The ear canal (external auditory canal) transmits sound waves from the outer ear to the eardrum in the middle ear.
• It acts as a conduit, amplifying sound slightly and protecting the inner structures.
• Ear Canal length: ~2.5 cm in adults

Last verified on 19-03-2026

Explanation

• The iris is the colored part of the eye (blue, brown, green, etc.).
• It controls the size of the pupil, regulating how much light enters the eye.

Additional information:

• Pupil – black opening for light
• Cornea – transparent front layer
• Lens – focuses light
• Retina – receives image

Last verified on 19-03-2026

Explanation

• A sphygmomanometer is a medical device used to measure blood pressure.
• It consists of an inflatable cuff and a pressure gauge.

Last verified on 17-03-2026

Explanation

• Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
• It breaks down fats into smaller particles, making it easier for enzymes to digest them.
• This process is called emulsification.

Last verified on 17-03-2026

Explanation

• Lung cancer is a disorder of the respiratory tract caused by uncontrolled cell division.
• It leads to the formation of abnormal masses or tumors in the lungs.
• Major types include Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).
• Risk factors: Smoking, air pollution, genetic predisposition.
• Symptoms may include cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, and coughing blood.

Last verified on 17-03-2026

Explanation

• The Canines are pointed teeth that are adapted for tearing and slashing.
• Teeth are specialized structures in the mouth for biting, tearing, and chewing food.
• Humans have different types of teeth: incisors, canines, premolars, and molars.
• Humans have 4 canines (2 upper, 2 lower) used for tearing meat.

Last verified on 16-03-2026

Explanation

• The elbow joint is a classic example of a hinge joint,
• It connects the humerus (upper arm) with the ulna and radius (forearm).
• Movement: Primarily allows for flexion and extension.
• Type: Synovial hinge joint.

Explanation

• The shoulder is primarily a ball-and-socket joint (glenohumeral joint),
• The elbow is a hinge joint (ulnohumeral joint).
• Both are classified as synovial joints,
• Freely movable and surrounded by a fluid-filled capsule. 

Explanation

• During swallowing, the epiglottis (a flap of cartilage) folds down.
• It closes the opening of the trachea (windpipe) so that food enters the esophagus instead of the airway.
• This protective mechanism prevents choking and food entering the lungs.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• The outer ear (pinna and ear canal) collects sound vibrations from the environment.
• These vibrations travel through the auditory canal to the eardrum (tympanic membrane).

Additional information:

Main Parts of the Ear

• Outer Ear – Pinna and auditory canal
• Middle Ear – Eardrum and three ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)
• Inner Ear – Cochlea and semicircular canals (hearing and balance)

Last verified on 15-03-2026