Explanation

Dark Age of Computers:

Examples: Abacus, Napier’s Bones, Slide Rule, Pascaline, Leibniz Calculator, Difference & Analytical Engine (Charles Babbage)

Middle Age of Computers:

Example: Tabulating Machine (by Herman Hollerith)

Modern Age of Computers:

Examples: First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Generations of Computers

Explanation

In 2017, the WannaCry ransomware attack crippled the UK's National Health Service (NHS).

It encrypted data and demanded ransom payments, causing widespread disruption in healthcare services.

Explanation

Stealing a book is a physical theft, not done through digital means — so it’s not a cybercrime.

Cybercrimes include actions like stealing passwords, hacking, and online fraud, all involving computers or the internet.

Explanation

FM, AM radios, televisions, and cordless phones commonly use radio waves for wireless communication and signal transmission.

Radio waves can travel long distances and are ideal for broadcasting audio and video signals.

Explanation

Encryption is a key part of Information Security, ensuring that financial data is securely transferred and protected from unauthorized access.

It converts data into a coded form, readable only by the intended recipient with the correct decryption key.

Explanation

MICR is a technology used by banks to read information printed on cheques using magnetic ink.

It allows for fast and secure processing of cheques and reduces the chances of errors or fraud.

Explanation

CSMA/CD is used in BUS topology to manage how devices share the communication line and avoid data collisions.

It listens before sending data and stops transmission if a collision is detected — ensuring efficient use of the medium.

Explanation

The MAC (Media Access Control) sub-layer is part of the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model.

It handles how devices access and control the transmission on the physical medium, such as Ethernet.

Explanation

Bridges are used to connect similar LANs that use the same network protocols.

They help manage traffic and reduce collisions by dividing networks into segments.

Explanation

A local area network  is a group of computers and associated devices that share a common communications line or wireless link to a server.

Modem is a combined device for modulation and demodulation.

For example, between the digital data of a computer and the analogue signal of a phone line.