Explanation

• The speed of a microprocessor is measured in Hertz (Hz).
• Hertz indicates the number of clock cycles per second.
• Modern processors are commonly measured in Gigahertz (GHz).

Additional information:

• Hertz (Hz): 1 cycle per second
• Kilohertz (kHz): 1,000 Hz
• Megahertz (MHz): 1,000,000 Hz
• Gigahertz (GHz): 1,000,000,000 Hz
• Terahertz (THz): 1,000,000,000,000 Hz

Last verified on 26-09-2026

Explanation

• Linux is based on open-source software.
• It is a Unix-like operating system.
• Created by: Linus Torvalds (1991).
• It is widely used in servers, mobile devices, and supercomputers.

Last updated 18-07-2026 by NA

Explanation

• HTML files commonly use the .html or .htm extension.
• HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.

Additional information:

• .docx is used for MS Word documents.
• .xlsx is used for MS Excel spreadsheets.

Last verified on 26-09-2026

Explanation

• CPU: The brain of the computer.
• Full Form: Central Processing Unit.
• Function: Processes data and executes instructions.
• First Commercial CPU: Intel 4004.
• Released: 1971 by Intel.
• Key Designer: Federico Faggin.

Last updated by NA ON 16-09-2026

Explanation

• MICR stands for Magnetic Ink Character Recognition.
• It is a technology used mainly in the banking industry.
• It helps machines read and process checks quickly.

Last updated NA on 10-09-2026

Explanation

• Modem is a computer hardware device used for communication over a network.
• Modem stands for Modulator-Demodulator.
• A modem converts digital data into signals suitable for transmission.
• It also converts incoming signals back into digital data.
• Modems are commonly used to provide Internet connectivity.

Last verified on 15-09-2026

Explanation

• Junk mail is also called spam.
• The name comes from an old Monty Python comedy sketch.
• It is commonly used for ads, scams, or fake promotions.
  

Additional information:

• Spoof means pretending to be another sender (email spoofing).
• Email services use spam filters to block junk mail automatically.

Explanation

• DOS stands for Disk Operating System
• DOS is a command-line-based operating system.
• Users type commands to perform tasks.
• It does not primarily use a graphical interface like Windows.

Explanation

• IBM 1401 belongs to the second generation. 
• Second generation of computers: 1956 to 1963
• Used in the second generation: Transistors

Additional information:

• IBM stands for International Business Machines
• Founded on June 16, 1911. 
• Formerly: Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (1911–1924)
• Renamed to IBM: 1924
• Founders
• George Winthrop Fairchild
• Charles Ranlett Flint
• Herman Hollerith
• Headquarters: 1 Orchard Road, Armonk, New York, United States
• Area served: 170 countries

Explanation

• Breaking or guessing a password is commonly called password cracking

Additional information:

• Hacking → Gaining unauthorized access to systems.
• Phishing → Tricking users to obtain sensitive information.
• Formatting → Preparing or erasing a storage device.