Explanation

• Shalimar Gardens in Lahore was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan.
• Construction Year: 1641–42
• Included in UNESCO World Heritage Site: 1981
• Terraces: 3 main terraces (upper, middle, lower)
• Water Fountains: Over 400 fountains
• Total Area: Approximately 16 hectares
• Shah Jahan also built: Taj Mahal (Agra), Jama Masjid (Delhi), Red Fort (Delhi)

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Sr#	Built by	Name of Places
1	Jahangir​	Shalimar Bagh, Kashmir
2	Shah Jahan	1. Shalimar Garden, Pakistan,   2. Taj Mahal, 3. the Jama Masjid, 4. the Red Fort
3	Akbar	1.    Buland Darwaza, 2.    Fatehpur Sikri
4	Aurangzeb	Moti Masjid, Delhi

Explanation

• First Battle of Panipat: 21 April 1526
• Fought Between: Babur Vs Lodi
• Won by: Babur

Additional information:

• Second Battle of Panipat: November 5, 1556
• Fought Between: Hemu Vs Akbar
• Won by: Akbar
• Third Battle of Panipat: 14 January 1761
• Fought Between: Abdali Vs Marathas
• Won by: Abdali

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

• Humayun was removed from the throne by Sher Shah Suri, an Afghan leader, in 1540.
• Sher Shah defeated Humayun at the Battle of Chausa and again at the Battle of Bilgram.
• This leading to Humayun's exile in Persia (modern-day Iran) for several years.

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

Maharaja Ranjit Singh was 1st Maharaja of Sikh Empire

Who founded the Sikh Empire and ruled Punjab from 1801 to 1839

He is known as the "Lion of Punjab" or Sher-e-Punjab

Explanation

Haran Minar (Deer Tower) was built by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir in 1606.

Hiran Minar is located in Sheikhupura, Punjab.

This monument was constructed in memory of his beloved pet antelope named Mansraj (or Mansiraj)

Explanation

Ahmed Shah Abdali was defeated by the Mughals in March 1748

At the Battle of Manupur

Location: Manupur, near Sirhind

Context: First invasion of India by Ahmad Shah Durrani

Mughal Leaders: Prince Ahmad Shah Bahadur, Qamar-ud-Din Khan, and Mir Mannu

Explanation

Kamran Mirza was the second son of Babur and a brother to Humayun

He was a prince, governor, and poet

He built Kamran's Baradari in Lahore around 1540 as a summer pavilion

Explanation

The Taj Mahal in Agra, India.

It is turning yellow due to air pollution.

Main culprit: Sulphur dioxide (SO₂) from industrial emissions and vehicle smoke.

Additional information:

Taj Mahal made of white Makrana marble.

It was built in 1632–1647 by Emperor Shah Jahan.

Explanation

• Emperor: Jahangir
• Reign: 1605–1627
• Tomb Location: Shahdara Bagh, Lahore, Pakistan
• Construction of Tomb: Completed in 1637
• Famous For: Justice, cultural contributions, and expansion of Mughal architecture

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire, originally came from the Fergana Valley, 

It is a region in Central Asia that is part of modern-day Uzbekistan.

He was a Timurid prince

First Mughal king, 1526-1530.

Babar ruled India from 1526 to 1530.

Babar was the first Mughal king to rule India.

Descended from Timur (father's side) and Genghis Khan (mother's side).