Explanation

• Martial Law imposed by Ayub Khan started on 27 October 1958.
• It was formally lifted on 8 June 1962.
• After that, a new constitution of 1962 was introduced.
• His era is known as the “Decade of Development” in Pakistan history.

Last verified on 06-06-2026

Explanation

• The Radcliffe Line was drawn by Sir Cyril Radcliffe in 1947.
• It separated India and Pakistan during the partition of British India.
• The boundary mainly divided Punjab and Bengal provinces.
• The line was officially announced on 17 August 1947.

Last verified on 06-06-2026

Explanation

• In August 1947, the population of Sindh was about 5.5 million.
• This was the time of the partition of British India.
• Sindh became one of the provinces of newly formed Pakistan.
• The population included both urban and rural settlements.
• Karachi was already an important city even at that time.

Last verified on 01-06-2026

Explanation

• After the creation of Pakistan, Jinnah became First Governor-General on 14 August 1947.
• This decision was criticized by British political leadership (Clement Attlee) at that time.
• He reportedly called it a “personal or egotistic decision” in political commentary.

Last verified on 31-05-2026

Explanation

• The Lahore Declaration, signed on February 21, 1999.
• It was signed between Prime Ministers Nawaz Sharif of Pakistan and Atal Bihari Vajpayee of India.
• The treaty aimed to reduce nuclear risks and build confidence between the two nations.

Last verified on 30-05-2026

Explanation

• Punjab → 64.7%
• Sindh → ~62.2%
• Khyber Pakhtunkhwa → ~54.5%
• Balochistan → ~40.3%
• Pakistan overall → ~58%

Last verified on 25-05-2026

Explanation

• In the 1970 elections, a clear majority emerged, but power was not smoothly transferred.
• This created a constitutional and political crisis.
• The failure to respect democratic mandate intensified conflict and unrest.

Last verified on 25-05-2026

Explanation

• East Pakistan felt economic and developmental imbalance compared to West Pakistan.
• These economic grievances were not only financial but also became a political issue of representation and equality.
• This perception increased political alienation and demand for autonomy.

Last verified on 25-05-2026

Explanation

• The ideology of Pakistan is based on the Two-Nation Theory.
• It states that Muslims and Hindus were two separate nations with different identities.
• Differences were not only religious but also cultural, social, and historical.

Last verified on 25-05-2026

Explanation

• The 1998 census showed low overall literacy in Pakistan.
• Lack of schools, poverty, and rural access issues were major causes.
• Female literacy was significantly lower compared to males.

Additional information:

• 1981: ~26.2%
• 1998: ~44%
• 2005–06: ~53%
• 2017: ~58–60%
• 2023 (approx.): ~62–65%

Last verified on 25-05-2026