Explanation

• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad served as INC President from 1940 to 1946.
• He presided over the Congress during the Quit India Movement of 1942.
• The Quit India Resolution was passed at the Bombay session in August 1942.

Additional information:

1. Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee (W.C. Bonnerjee) — 1885
2. Dadabhai Naoroji — 1886
3. Badruddin Tyabji — 1887

Last verified on 10-08-2026

Explanation

• Firoz Shah Tughlaq built the largest network of canals in medieval India.
• He constructed several canals to improve irrigation and agriculture.
• He was the third ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty.

Additional information:

• Born: 1309 AD
• Reign: 1351–1388 AD
• Died: 1388 AD
• Canals Built: Yamuna–Hissar, Sutlej–Ghaggar, Sirmour Hills–Hansi, Ghaggar–Firuzabad
• New Towns Founded: Firozabad, Fatehabad, Jaunpur, Hisar

Last verified on 06-08-2026

Explanation

• Raja Dahir was the last Hindu ruler of Sindh, defeated by Muhammad bin Qasim in 712 CE.
• Muhammad bin Qasim invaded Sindh in 711 CE under the Umayyad Caliphate.
• Raja Dahir was killed in the Battle of Aror (712 CE) while defending his kingdom.
• The conquest established the first lasting Muslim rule in Sindh.

Last verified on 05-08-2026

Explanation

• Published: 28 August 1928
• Place: Lucknow Conference
• Chairman: Motilal Nehru
• Member: Jawaharlal Nehru
• Main Demand: Dominion status & federal system for India
• Muslim League Response: Muhammad Ali Jinnah rejected it and presented his 14 Points.

Last verified on 10-06-2026

Explanation

• Viceroy: Lord Minto (1905–1910)
• All-India Muslim League Founded: 30 December 1906
• Place of Establishment: Dhaka (now in Bangladesh)
• Simla Deputation: 1 October 1906
• Minto–Morley Reforms: 1909

Last verified on 05-08-2026

Explanation

• The Congress Ministries resigned in November 1939 after Britain declared India a participant in World War II without consulting Indian leaders.
• The resignations occurred between 27 October and 15 November 1939 in protest against the British decision.
• Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah observed 22 December 1939 as the "Day of Deliverance" after the Congress ministries resigned.

Last verified on 28-07-2026

Explanation

• Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah referred to Maulana Abul Kalam Azad as the "Congress Showboy."
• Jinnah used this term during the political disagreements between the All-India Muslim League and the Indian National Congress.

Additional information:

• Jinnah also referred to Abul Kalam Azad as "Muslim Lord Haw-Haw" in political criticism.
• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad served as the first Education Minister of independent India (1947–1958).

Last verified on 27-07-2026

Explanation

Explanation

• Indian Independence Act, 1947 partitioned British India into Pakistan and India.
• Act Passed: 18 July 1947
• Effective Date: 15 August 1947
• Independent Pakistan: 14 August 1947
• Independent India: 15 August 1947
• New Dominions Created: 2 (Pakistan and India)

Last verified on 26-07-2026

Explanation

• Introduced by the Government of India Act 1919.
• Diarchy = system of shared rule in provinces under British India.
• Meaning: “Double system of government” – two heads responsible for administration.
• Introduced by Edwin Samuel Montagu and Lord Chelmsford.
• Ended by Government of India Act 1935, which established provincial autonomy.

Last verified on 23-01-2026