Explanation

• Established: 31 December 1600
• It was an English joint-stock company formed for trade with Asia.

Additional information:

• Ceased operations: 1 June 1874; 149 years ago
• Headquarters: London, United Kingdom
• Founder figures: Thomas Smythe, John Watts
• Charter granted by: Queen Elizabeth I

Last verified on 24-06-2026

Explanation

• Name: Harry S. Truman
• Country: United States of America
• Presidency: 1945 – 1953
• Pakistan creation: 14 August 1947
• War period context: Post World War II / Early Cold War

Last verified on 23-06-2026

Explanation

• The Mongols under Hulagu Khan ended the Abbasid Caliphate in 1258 AD by capturing Baghdad, Iraq.
• He was a grandson of Genghis Khan.
• Last Abbasid Caliph: Al-Musta'sim Billah (1242–1258)
• Abbasid Caliphate duration: 750–1258 AD

Last verified on 23-06-2026

Explanation

• First Battle of Panipat: 21 April 1526
• Fought Between: Babur Vs Lodi
• Won by: Babur

Additional information:

• Second Battle of Panipat: November 5, 1556
• Fought Between: Hemu Vs Akbar
• Won by: Akbar
• Third Battle of Panipat: 14 January 1761
• Fought Between: Abdali Vs Marathas
• Won by: Abdali

Last verified on 20-06-2026

Explanation

• Emibai Jinnah, the first wife of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, died in 1893.
• She was Jinnah’s first cousin and was married to him in his early life.
• Marriage: 1892–1893 (approximately)
• Jinnah’s age at marriage: around 15 years
• She passed away while Jinnah was studying law in London.

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s first major case in Bombay was a commercial dispute.
• It involved issues related to business and trade law.
• This case helped establish his reputation as a skilled lawyer.
• He practiced law in Bombay High Court after qualifying from London.

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

Miraj Begum and Aftab Iqbal were the children from Allama Iqbal’s first marriage with Karim Bibi.

First Marriage (Karim Bibi) Child:

1. Miraj Begum (1895–1915)
2. Aftab Iqbal (1899–1979)

Second Marriage (Mukhtar Begum, 1914)

Child:

1. One son (name not clearly documented in most sources)

Note: Both the son and Mukhtar Begum died shortly after childbirth in 1924.

Third Marriage (Sardar Begum) Child:

1. Javed Iqbal (Senior Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan)
2. Muneera Bano

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• Payam-i Mashriq by Allama Iqbal was written as a response to Goethe’s “West-östlicher Divan”.
• It was published in 1923.
• The book presents a dialogue between Eastern and Western thought.
• Iqbal aimed to highlight the value of Islamic and Eastern philosophy.
• It promotes spiritual awakening and selfhood (Khudi).

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• The slogan “Pakistan ka matlab kya? La ilaha illallah” became popular during Direct Action Day.
• Date: 16 August 1946
• Leader: All India Muslim League
• Purpose: Demand for Pakistan
• Impact: Increased communal tensions and political pressure

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• Liaquat joined the All-India Muslim League in 1923.
• He was elected to the Legislative Council in 1926.
• He was assassinated on October 16, 1951, in Rawalpindi.
• The Place of burial: Mazar-e-Quaid, Jinnah's Mausoleum, Karachi.
• He was the first PM of Pakistan (1947-51).
• He was Born on October 1, 1895, Karnal, India.

Additional information:

• Quaid-e-Azam joined the Muslim League in 1913.
• Allama Iqbal joined the Muslim League in 1922.
• Fatima Jinnah joined the Muslim League in 1939.

Last verified on 15-06-2026