Explanation

After the 1857 War of Independence, the British adopted a brutal policy of repression, executing and punishing countless Indians.

In some instances, 100 Indians were killed in retaliation for the death of a single British soldier, highlighting the severity of British vengeance.

Explanation

British defeated the Sikh Empire in the Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848–1849).

This led to the annexation of Punjab into British India in 1849.

Explanation

The Peshwa dynasty of Marathas was founded by Balaji Vishwanath,

He was the father of Baji Rao I. 

He is considered the founder because his son, Baji Rao I, inherited the position of Peshwa after his death and expanded the Maratha empire. 

Explanation

Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mughal emperor, was exiled by the British after the 1857 War of Independence.

He was kept in semi-imprisonment in the Red Fort (Delhi) before being sent to Rangoon (Burma), where he died in 1862.

Explanation

Invaders such as Mahmud of Ghazni, Muhammad Ghori, and the Mughals raided the Indian subcontinent for wealth, prisoners, and territorial expansion.

Their invasions led to the establishment of various dynasties and the spread of new cultures, religions, and administrative systems in the region.

Explanation

Caliph Al-Walid I (Umayyad Caliph) ordered Muhammad bin Qasim to lead the expedition against Raja Dahir in 712 AD.

Raja Dahir, the ruler of Sindh, refused to return Muslim prisoners and treasure, leading to the Umayyad conquest of Sindh.

Explanation

Haider Ali (1721–1782) was the ruler of Mysore and a powerful Muslim military commander.

He expanded Mysore’s territory and resisted British colonial forces during his reign.

Explanation

Lord Wavell convened the Simla Conference in June 1945 to discuss India's political future.

The main issue was the representation of Muslims, but the talks failed due to disagreements between the Muslim League and Congress.

Explanation

Alauddin Khilji annexed Malwa to the Delhi Sultanate in 1305 after defeating the Paramara dynasty.

His general, Ain-ul-Mulk Multani, led the conquest and became the governor of Malwa.

Explanation

Juna Khan, later known as Muhammad bin Tughluq.

He was the son of Ghiyasuddin Tughluq, the founder of the Tughluq Dynasty in the Delhi Sultanate.

He became the Sultan of Delhi in 1325 after his father’s death.