Explanation

A surface gauge is used to mark and lay out lines on workpieces with high accuracy.

It helps in checking parallelism and transferring measurements from a reference surface.

Surface gauges are commonly used along with a surface plate for precision marking work.

Explanation

Gases have poor absorptivity, meaning they absorb very little radiant heat.

Most gases are nearly transparent to radiation, so absorption is minimal.

Because of poor absorptivity, gases also have low emissivity, but high transmissivity.

Explanation

A nozzle converts the pressure energy of steam into kinetic energy, increasing its speed.

As steam passes through the nozzle, its pressure drops while velocity increases.

This high-velocity steam is used to drive turbine blades efficiently.

Explanation

The triple point of water is the unique temperature and pressure at which water coexists in all three phases — solid, liquid, and gas — in equilibrium.

Temperature: 273.16 Kelvin

This is used as a fundamental fixed point in defining the Kelvin temperature scale.

Explanation

Earth is the densest planet in the solar system, with an average density of 5.52 g/cm³.

Its high density is due to a large iron-nickel core and rocky mantle.

Saturn is the least densest planet in the solar system.

Explanation

Explanation

The photosphere is the lowest layer of the Sun's atmosphere.

It is the specific part that is visible to the human eye from Earth.

The term literally means "sphere of light," as most of the Sun's visible light is radiated from this layer.

It is important to note that the Sun has no solid surface.

As it is a giant ball of gas (plasma).

So the photosphere serves as its effective visible boundary. 

Explanation

• Torque is a measure of the turning effect of a force and is calculated as the product of the force applied and the perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to the point where the force is applied.
• The formula for the magnitude of torque (τ) is:
• τ = r × F × sin(θ)
• where: 
• r is the distance vector (lever arm).
• F is the force vector.
• θ is the angle between the force vector and the distance vector. 

Explanation

The unit of elasticity (or modulus of elasticity) is the Pascal (Pa), 

It is equivalent to newton per square meter (N/m²)

Engineering Units: Megapascals (MPa) or Gigapascals (GPa) are often used for materials like metals and plastics.

US Customary: Pounds per square inch (psi). 

Explanation

Newton's second law of motion states that F = ma, or net force is equal to mass times acceleration.

The other name for Newton's second law is the law of force and acceleration.