Explanation

This formula comes from the Rayleigh criterion for the minimum resolvable angle (θₘᵢₙ) in optical systems like lenses or telescopes:

$$theta_{min} = frac{1.22 , lambda}{D}$$

Where:

• $lambda$ = wavelength of light

• $D$= diameter of the lens aperture

This equation gives the angular resolution or resolving power of the lens.

Explanation

The general formula for rotational kinetic energy is:

K.E.=1​/2Iω^2

Where:

• $I$= moment of inertia

• $omega$ = angular velocity

For a hoop (thin ring) of mass
$m$ and radius r:

$I=mr^2$

So, plugging into the formula:

K.E.=1/2⋅mr^2 ⋅ω^2= 1/2​Iω2

Explanation

 With a temperature rise, the velocity of sound increases.

This is because warmer temperatures cause molecules to move faster, allowing sound waves to propagate more quickly through the medium

Specifically, the speed of sound is directly proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature.

For every degree Celsius increase in temperature, the speed of sound in air increases by approximately 0.6 m/s

Explanation

 An optical instrument uses lenses or mirrors to manipulate light, 

A telescope uses lenses or mirrors to collect and focus light from distant objects, making them appear closer and larger. 

Explanation

 The wave nature of light was primarily proposed by Christian Huygens.

Explanation

Meter is the SI unit of length.

It is used to measure distance or height.

Explanation

When white light passes through a prism, it is refracted, or bent, and split into its individual colors, a process known as dispersion.

The order of deviation is:

• Violet (most deviated)
• Blue
• Green
• Yellow
• Red (least deviated)

Explanation

Gamma radiation is the most dangerous type of radiation.

it has high energy and can penetrate most materials, including human tissue.

It is highly penetrating and can cause significant biological damage.

Explanation

The first law of reflection states that the angle of incidence = angle of reflection.

Both rays and the normal lie in the same plane.

Explanation