Explanation

1 atmosphere (atm) is a standard unit of pressure equal to 101.325 kPa, 760 mmHg, and 760 torr.

These units are used interchangeably in measuring atmospheric pressure.

Explanation

Tar is the major component of particulate matter inhaled in cigarette smoke.

It contains several carcinogens.

It is responsible for lung damage.

Explanation

Decaying involves the breakdown of organic matter into simpler substances through chemical reactions.

It alters the original composition of the material, which is a hallmark of a chemical change.

Explanation

Speed of sound in air is proportional to the square root of absolute temperature v ∝ √T.

To double the speed, temperature must increase 4 times in Kelvin:

At 27°C = 300 K → 4 × 300 = 1200 K → 1200 - 273 = 927°C

Explanation

In SHM, total energy (kinetic + potential) remains constant if no external force or damping is present.

Though kinetic and potential energy change with time, their sum stays the same throughout the motion.

Explanation

Charge is quantized and exists in discrete amounts.

The smallest possible charge is that of a single electron or proton, which is 1.6 × 10−¹⁹C.

Explanation

The change in wavelength (Δλ) is given by the formula: Δλ = h/m0c (1 - cosθ), where θ is the scattering angle.

The maximum change in wavelength occurs when cosθ is -1, which happens when θ = 180°.

Explanation

To find acceleration, we use the formula:

a = (v - u) / t

where:

v = final velocity = 15 m/s

u = initial velocity = 10 m/s

t = time = 4 seconds

a = (15 - 10) / 4

= 5 / 4

= 1.25 m/s²

Explanation

• The critical angle is the angle of incidence at which the angle of refraction is 90°, and beyond which total internal reflection occurs.
• This concept is crucial in understanding optical phenomena like fiber optics and prisms.

Explanation

According to the law of reflection, angle of incidence = angle of reflection.

So, if light strikes at 30°, it reflects at 30°.