Explanation

An artificial radioactive element can be made by bombarding high energy particles on stable elements.

This process can induce radioactivity in the stable element.

This resulting in the formation of a new radioactive isotope.

Explanation

Genes mutation is NOT a somatic biological effect of radiation; it is a genetic effect.

Somatic effects, like skin burns, loss of hair, and cancer induction, affect the exposed individual's body, whereas genetic effects impact future generations.

Explanation

When a radioactive element undergoes decay, the number of atoms decreases by half every half-life. So, after "n" half-lives, the number of atoms left behind is:

No × (1/2)^n

Where:

No = initial number of atoms

n = number of half-lives

This is because the decay process follows a geometric progression with a common ratio of 1/2.

So, after "n" half-lives, the number of atoms left is (1/2)^n times the initial number, which is:

(1/2)^n No

Explanation

The unit of the decay constant is s⁻¹.

It represents the probability per second that a nucleus will decay.

It indicating how quickly a radioactive substance undergoes decay.

Explanation

The incorrect statement is "Have higher wavelength than visible light."

X-rays actually have a shorter wavelength than visible light.

This making them more energetic and highly penetrating, especially in soft body tissues.

Explanation

The potential through which an electron should be accelerated to lift an atom's electron from the ground state to a higher state is known as excitation potential.

This energy excites the electron without completely removing it from the atom.

Explanation

The Lyman series falls in the ultraviolet region.

It corresponds to electronic transitions in a hydrogen atom where the electron drops to the n=1 energy level, emitting ultraviolet radiation.

Explanation

Photoelectric effect does not demonstrate the wave nature of light; it shows light behaving as particles (photons).

The phenomena of diffraction, polarization, and interference are clear evidence of light's wave nature.

Explanation

The de-Broglie wavelength (λ) is given by the formula:

λ = h / (m × v)

Where:

h = Planck's constant = 6.626 × 10^-34 J s

m = mass of the particle = 10^-30 kg

v = velocity of the particle = 10^6 m/s

Substituting the values, we get:

λ = (6.626 × 10^-34 J s) / (10^-30 kg × 10^6 m/s)

= (6.626 × 10^-34 J s) / (10^-24 kg m/s)

= 6.626 × 10^-10 m

So, the de-Broglie wavelength associated with the particle is 6.6×10^-10m.

Explanation

A diode characteristic curve is a plot between voltage and current.

It shows the relationship between the applied voltage across the diode and the resulting current.

It indicating the diode's behavior in both forward and reverse bias.