Explanation

• Nm⁻² (Newton per square meter) is the SI unit of pressure.
• It is also called Pascal (Pa).
• 1 Pa = 1 N/m².
• Pressure is defined as force per unit area.
• Example: Atmospheric pressure is about 101,325 Pa (1 atm).

Last verified on 09-06-2026

Explanation

• The splitting of light into its constituent colors is called dispersion.
• White light splits into seven colors (VIBGYOR).
• It occurs when light passes through a prism.
• Different colors bend at different angles.
• This creates a spectrum of colors.

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

When white light passes through a prism, it splits into 7 colors, forming a spectrum known as a rainbow:

1. Red
2. Orange
3. Yellow
4. Green
5. Blue
6. Indigo
7. Violet

The separation of visible light into its different colours is known as dispersion.

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

• Pressure in gases is due to the collision of gas molecules with the walls of the container.
• Gas molecules are in constant random motion.
• They continuously strike the container walls.
• These collisions create force per unit area (pressure).
• More collisions mean higher pressure.

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

• First Law of Thermodynamics explains the conservation of energy.
• Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
• It applies to all physical and chemical processes.
• Total energy of a closed system remains constant.
• Heat and work are forms of energy transfer.

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

• A stretched spring possesses potential energy.
• When a spring is stretched or compressed, energy is stored in it.
• This stored energy is called elastic potential energy.
• It can be converted into kinetic energy when released.
• The more the stretch, the more energy is stored.

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

• Acceleration due to gravity is independent of the mass of the falling object.
• All objects fall with the same acceleration in vacuum.
• Gravity depends on Earth’s mass and radius, not object’s mass.
• It slightly varies with latitude due to Earth’s shape and rotation.
• Standard value: 9.8 m/s² near Earth’s surface.

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

• Law of conservation of momentum applies when no external force acts on a system.
• Momentum of a system remains constant in this condition.
• Only internal forces act between objects in the system.
• It is valid for collisions and explosions in isolated systems.
• Total momentum before and after event remains equal.

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

• Work done by gravity is zero when an object moves horizontally.
• Gravity acts vertically downward.
• Horizontal displacement is perpendicular to gravitational force.
• Work done depends on force × displacement × cos(θ).
• Here θ = 90°, so cos(90°) = 0.

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

• An electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into usable electrical energy.
• This process is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction.
• Discovered in 1831 by British scientist Michael Faraday.

Last verified on 27-04-2026