Explanation

• A nuclear reactor uses control rods to regulate the fission chain reaction.
• These rods absorb excess neutrons and prevent the reaction from becoming uncontrollable.
• When the reaction becomes too intense, the rods are inserted deeper into the reactor core.
• Cadmium is commonly used because it is an excellent neutron absorber.

Last verified on 31-05-2026

Explanation

• Newton’s Law of Gravitation was given by Isaac Newton.
• It states that every object in the universe attracts every other object.
• The force depends on mass and distance between objects.
• It is called the Universal Law of Gravitation.
• It applies to all bodies, small and large.

Last verified on 30-05-2026

Explanation

• Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere, especially weather and climate.
• It involves forecasting and understanding atmospheric phenomena.
• Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences.
• Metrology is the scientific study of measurement.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

• Anemometer is a scientific instrument used to measure wind speed (velocity).
• It is mainly used in meteorology and weather forecasting.
• It helps in studying storms, cyclones, and air pressure changes.
• Common types include cup, vane, and hot-wire anemometers.

Additional Information:

• A hygrometer is an instrument used to measure humidity.
• A salinometer is used to measure the salinity
• A bolometer is used to measure the power of incident electromagnetic radiation
• A barometer is used to measure air pressure in certain environment.

Last verified on 30-05-2026

Explanation

• A light year is the distance that light travels in one year.
• It is used to measure vast distances in space.
• Light moves at approximately 299,792 km per second.
• One light year ≈ 9.46 trillion kilometers (5.88 trillion miles).

Last verified on 17-03-2026

Explanation

• A lactometer is used to measure the purity and density (thickness) of milk.
• It checks if milk has been adulterated with water by measuring specific gravity.
• Works on the principle of buoyancy.
• Pure milk specific gravity: 1.028–1.032 at 15°C

Last verified on 16-03-2026

Explanation

• Laser light is highly directional and concentrated in a small area.
• This allows precise cutting in surgery and accurate industrial work.
• Ordinary light spreads in many directions, but laser does not.

Last verified on 25-05-2026

Explanation

• Beta particles (β) are fast-moving electrons or positrons.
• They are lighter than alpha particles and carry a charge.
• They have moderate penetrating power compared to alpha and gamma rays.

Last verified on 25-05-2026

Explanation

• In Quantum Physics, energy is not continuous but comes in small packets.
• The smallest discrete packet of energy is called a quantum.
• Light energy is emitted or absorbed in the form of photons (quanta of light).

Last verified on 25-05-2026

Explanation

• Photoelectric Effect states that when light frequency exceeds the threshold frequency, electrons are emitted from the metal surface.
• Increasing the intensity of light increases the number of photons striking the surface.
• More photons cause more electrons to be emitted, but the energy of each electron depends on frequency.

Last verified on 25-05-2026